tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-23329108296462065472024-02-19T23:10:27.685-08:00Essays about the sportAnonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15797667117284692051noreply@blogger.comBlogger1751125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2332910829646206547.post-83493692285964695672020-09-03T08:05:00.001-07:002020-09-03T08:05:11.207-07:00Zara Brand Managament free essay sampleIts name is notable everywhere throughout the world, yet it is exceptionally youthful brand in our nation. Accordingly, I took this brand so as to show how youthful and well known brand that as of late went to the retail showcase will be created, conveyed and carry an incentive to its Kazakhstani purchasers. The initial segment of this work discusses the brand Zara itself. For the most part, about its history, internationalization, the brand uniqueness and fast speed to buyers request, and how the Kazakhstani buyers feel and respond to its name. The second piece of this report exhibits the six general models of brand components of Zara, the components of being fruitful, POD/POP and, obviously the purchaser based brand value pyramid of Kazakhstani customers. At last, the paper distinguishes the principle contenders of Zara in the Kazakstani advertise. However, the primary contenders are United Colors of Benetton, Mango, Mexx, Celio and Oggi. We will compose a custom paper test on Zara Brand Managament or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page It is done so as to unmistakably comprehend the eventual fate of this brand in Kazakhstan. Part I HistoryZara is the leader chain store of Inditex Group claimed by Spanish organization big shot Amancio Ortega, who additionally possesses brands, for example, Massimo Dutti, Pull and Bear, Oysho, Uterque, Stradivarius and Bershka. The gathering is headquartered in a Coruna, Galicia, and Spain, where the first Zara store opened in 1975. It is guaranteed that Zara needs only fourteen days to build up another item and get it to stores, contrasted and a six-month industry normal, and dispatches around 10,000 new structures every year. Zara has opposed the business wide pattern towards moving quick design creation to minimal effort countries.Perhaps its most strange technique was its arrangement of zero publicizing. The organization wanted to put a level of incomes in opening new stores. Zara was depicted by Louis Vuitton style chief Daniel Piette as ââ¬Å"possibly the most creative and pulverizing retailer on the planet. â⬠Zara has likewise been portrayed as a ââ¬Å"Spanish achievement storyâ⬠by CNN. Its first store highlighted low-valued copy results of well known, better quality attire styles. The store end up being a triumph, and Ortega began opening more Zara stores in Spain. Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15797667117284692051noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2332910829646206547.post-24725095940340545252020-09-02T07:33:00.001-07:002020-09-02T07:33:03.604-07:00Igneous rocks: Diorite EssayDiorite is a volcanic stone framed from the fractional softening of the outside caused from by basaltic magma from the mantle. It is related with batholiths, barriers and stocks for the most part around volcanic bends. Its volcanic comparable is andesite which is framed from strombolian type volcanoes. Conversation Physical properties: Diorite is a phaneritic rock that is spotted high contrast/dark with an entirely factor shading list of somewhere in the range of 40 and 90 over short separations. The stone has an equigranular or porphyritic surface and has a for the most part coarse grain measure however can be pegmatitic. Phenocrysts of feldspar and horneblende can be found in the porphyritic assortment. The equigranular and porphyritic assortments may shift in surface between one another inside a couple of centimeters. A foliated appearance can create from the generally equal arrangement of the minerals. The stone has a middle of the road creation between plagioclase feldspar (oligoclase or andesine) and amphibole (typically hornblende) with different other minor minerals like pyroxene, biotite. Quartz and antacid feldspar may likewise be available. At the point when the measure of quartz expands, the stone is named quartz diorite. The stone evaluations into granodiorite as the measure of quartz and soluble base feldspar increments. Soluble base feldspar increment. Some basic extra minerals are apatite, titanite and different iron oxides. Xenoliths from the somewhat softened edges of the magma chamber are normal. Starting point: Diorite for the most part shapes alongside stone in mainland covering aboveâ subduction zones. Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15797667117284692051noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2332910829646206547.post-77293523998068203162020-08-22T18:43:00.001-07:002020-08-22T18:43:23.061-07:00Enterprise social networks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 wordsEndeavor informal organizations - Essay Example Internet based life goes about as an incredible equalizer. The instructive establishments can use the web based life and advance themselves without going through cash and little schools can likewise become mainstream in a flash. There are numerous little schools and instructive foundations who have posted recordings of their courses and online classes to make little commercial with the assets accessible inside the establishment and transferred them on YouTube or Facebook. Those recordings got tremendous number of preferences and the establishments became famous in a split second. This investigation depends on using online life organizing for advanced education and understudies in the colleges and universities. The expense for advancement through long range informal communication locales is irrelevant and it is exceptionally straightforward and handle. This will clearly lessen the interior expense of the colleges and schools. Presentation The idea of big business long range informal c ommunication includes the use of interpersonal organizations or different social relations on the web for different business or individual purposes. Undertaking long range interpersonal communication essentially deals with the Web 2.0 stage. It is since 1990s the initiation of long range interpersonal communication destinations were found on the planet advertise. The main site propelling this idea was Theglobe.com in the year 1995. This site was just open by the enlisted clients, however the site opened up for overall population use from 1998. From that point forward many systems administration locales have come in the mood for giving a typical stage to share data (Uhomoibhi, 2006, pp. 4-14). In any case, the test was that web, PCs and related innovation were less being used. Individuals could neither effectively bear the cost of them, nor were they viewed as significant in day by day lives of adult or any understudy. Inevitably after the infiltration of innovation, World Wide Web a nd helping quick speed of data, long range interpersonal communication mediums surfaced by and by (Ernst and Young, 2012). The advancement of long range interpersonal communication and its rising prominence has been seen during the 2000s. These days social destinations like MySpace, Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, and a lot more have become equivalents for online life industry. The prevalence related with online networking is developing with the spending days and it is interfacing an ever increasing number of individuals based on their inclinations, comparable buy propensities, different preferences. Regardless of whether it is some news ticker that is advancing the view or updates on certain grapples or columnist on Twitter, internet based life is used all over the place and all around. The most recent experiences uncovered by a renowned research firm Nielsen via web-based networking media systems administration and showcasing states these previously mentioned realities. USA professes to have 80 percent of the blog and online networking clients among the American nations (Nielsen, 2011). The time utilization of the understudies, youths, and furthermore older folks on the online life is expanding each day. For instance around 60 percent of the clients who utilize more than a few computerized implies certainly utilize web based life as a methods for investigate when they go out to purchase items or profit administrations (Nielsen, 2011). The short presentation above plainly clarifies the situation of the worldwide market and furthermore the infiltration level of online life in our every day lives. Online life has infiltrated in each field and industry. Nonetheless, to limit the examination, the conversation in this investigation would explicitly remember the use of internet based life by understudies for schools, organizations, universities, and so on. An artistic investigation of web based life procedures and its four columns would bolster the conversation furthe r. Aside from this the plausible job that web based life can play in instructive division explicitly in schools, college would likewise be assessed. Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15797667117284692051noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2332910829646206547.post-63078017249450614192020-08-22T14:56:00.001-07:002020-08-22T14:56:37.488-07:00Marketing Of An Innovative Ide :: essays research papersThe quantity of individuals in the United States that take a shot at their own vehicles keeps on expanding. This is apparent by the proceeding with number of automobile part stores that are opened each year. New stores, new chains, the opposition is furious. One explanation behind this is the expense of taking your vehicle in to the shop, to change something as straightforward as a $10 gasket, can be over the top expensive. It could wind up costing you two or three hundred dollars do to work. Work can make up somewhere in the range of thirty to 90% of the bill. The other issue is finding a spot to go that you can trust. There are a great deal of abnormal mechanics that appear to discover more issues or even make a greater number of issues with your vehicle than what you initially acquired it for. Another issue with utilizing an assistance carport is that you as a rule need to leave you vehicle the entire day so as to complete the work. This normally transforms into a significant burd en. You wind up holding up at the shop or discovering somebody to get you and take you back. It is no big surprise that individuals are getting increasingly engaged with chipping away at their own vehicles. Spending plan scrupulous individuals won't pay for high work and even better, pointless work. In reality, heaps of individuals appreciate, and want to take a shot at their own vehicles. You can set aside a great deal of cash from the expense of work and superfluous upkeep. Doing it without anyone's help likewise gives you consolation of the activity being done altogether and effectively the first run through. Not all work however, is viewed as attainable to be finished by the do-it-without anyone else's help repairman. A normal individual won't remove a motor from the vehicle and do an update. What they can do however, is change parts, channels, liquids, tires, and perform numerous other routine support errands. A great deal of these employments include lifting up the vehicle. Ty pically what you need to do is get a jack, lift up the vehicle, place a remain underneath, and afterward bring down the vehicle on to it. The stand is essential on the off chance that you need more than one corner of the vehicle lifted without a moment's delay. This could be a tedious procedure. The main thing you for the most part need to do is find that jack from the storage compartment. When you do that, you at that point need to make sense of where it goes on the vehicle to appropriately lift it. Promoting Of An Innovative Ide :: papers inquire about papers The quantity of individuals in the United States that take a shot at their own cars keeps on expanding. This is clear by the proceeding with number of car part stores that are opened each year. New stores, new chains, the opposition is savage. One explanation behind this is the expense of taking your vehicle in to the shop, to change something as straightforward as a $10 gasket, can be over the top expensive. It could wind up costing you two or three hundred dollars do to work. Work can make up somewhere in the range of thirty to 90% of the bill. The other issue is finding a spot to go that you can trust. There are a great deal of slanted mechanics that appear to discover more issues or even make a larger number of issues with your vehicle than what you initially acquired it for. Another issue with utilizing a help carport is that you as a rule need to leave you vehicle the entire day so as to complete the work. This generally transforms into a serious burden. You wind up holding up at the shop or discovering somebody to get you and take you back. It is no big surprise that individuals are getting increasingly associated with taking a shot at their own vehicles. Spending plan faithful individuals won't pay for high work and even better, pointless work. As a matter of fact, heaps of individuals appreciate, and want to take a shot at their own vehicles. You can set aside a great deal of cash from the expense of work and superfluous support. Doing it without anyone's help likewise gives you consolation of the activity being done completely and effectively the first run through. Not all work however, is viewed as doable to be finished by the do-it-without anyone's help technician. A normal individual won't remove a motor from the vehicle and do an update. What they can do however, is change parts, channels, liquids, tires, and perform numerous other routine upkeep assignments. A great deal of these employments include lifting up the vehicle. Normally what you need to do is get a jack, lift up the vehicle, place a remain underneath, and afterward bring down the vehicle on to it. The stand is essential on the off chance that you need more than one corner of the vehicle lifted without a moment's delay. This could be a tedious procedure. The main thing you as a rule need to do is find that jack from the storage compartment. When you do that, you at that point need to make sense of where it goes on the vehicle to appropriately lift it. Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15797667117284692051noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2332910829646206547.post-49122805104401432742020-08-21T16:25:00.001-07:002020-08-21T16:25:30.105-07:00Management of Information Technology Facilities ManagementQuestion: Examine about the Management of Information Technology for Facilities Management. Answer: Presentation The significant point of this specific diary is to record the exercises just as the advancement dependent on the fruition of this particular task. So as to achieve the point of this diary, the examination exercises that are the exercises to be actualized in HSC would be recognized just as shown in this diary. Then again, the date of the exploration conversation or the movement would be determined with the assistance of this diary. Additionally, the sites visited as far as gathering data and different references got to would likewise be referenced. Finally, the time length of the movement would likewise be referenced in this diary. Research Activity This exploration is included a few exercises of IT administration the board in HSC. the IT tea of HSC needs to discover the significance of ITSM for the organization so as to have a viable procedures set up for overseeing IT administrations. The significant activity of the IT group of HSC is the discussion of the prerequisites of business into the arrangements of innovation. Then again, the group needs to proceed with the selection of ITIL with the procedures from the period of the administration technique. The group would likewise talk about the advantage of the execution of the administration methodology. What's more, the administration configuration procedures would be recognized by the IT division of HSC. They would likewise suggest the administration configuration forms with the most noteworthy need for HSC. The IT group of would be cautious about the favorable circumstances just as the drawbacks of the ISO/IEC 20000 accreditation. Date, Timeline and sites visited for the Activities The exercises would be actualized from the period of July in 2016 onwards. There are a few sites those can be extremely compelling for the IT branch of association as far as building the whole research. The sites with the data ITSM, ITIL just as the ISO/IEC 20000 affirmation would be successful for the association. Above all, the entirety of the exercises to lead the whole research, a particular sum time would be required for the association. The examination can be proceeded for a half year. End The diary has for the most part given an outline of the exercises those are to be inquired about; the course of events to finish the exercises just as the sites from which the information sources would be assembled. From the whole conversation made in this diary, it has been certain that the examination with the exercises must be little yet minimized so the result of this exploration can be commendable for the association. Official Summary This specific report is for the most part meant to show the exercises to execute ITSM in HSC by embracing ITIL. It intended to actualize the significance of ITSM for HSC to have viable procedures for dealing with the administrations or its tasks. Then again, the administration techniques of the ITIL have additionally been executed those are valuable for the IT activity the board of HSC. Moreover, the administration configuration forms have been exhibited in this report just as the high need has been set among the procedures of the administration plan. Besides, the advantages just as the disadvantages of the ISO/IEC 20000 affirmation for HSC have likewise been actualized and shown in this report. Letter of Transmittal The Chairman Mr. Do Hung Viet Ho Chi Minh Securities Corporation (HSC) Vietnam Regarded Sir, This report examines the usage of ITSM in HSC, the administration procedures of the ITIL, the administration configuration forms and the advantages just as the disadvantages of the ISO/IEC 20000 affirmation. A concise history organization foundation has additionally been exhibited in this report. It is likewise closed with having overall population perspectives and proposals. Yours Sincerely, Anh Diep Head of IT Presentation Data Technology Service Management alludes to the whole exercises which is primarily coordinated by the arrangements, organized just as composed in the supporting methodology and procedures those are performed by an organization or the piece of an organization for controlling, working, conveying and arranging IT administrations (Barafort, Di Renzo and Merlan 2012). Then again, Information Technology Infrastructure Library is set of IT administration the executives rehearses that point on its arrangement administrations with the business necessities (Foster and Kesselman 2013). Be that as it may, ITIL supports the International Service Management Standard or ISO/IEC 2000 for the IT administration the executives (Cox 2013). This report is for the most part expected to talk about just as show the basic consciousness of the Information Technology Service Management significance just as the prerequisite for the organizations for guaranteeing that powerful procedures are set up for dealing with the IT foundations huge administration. This report has additionally meant to show the attention to the commitment just as the idea of the Information Technology Infrastructure Library just as ISO/IEC 20000 as far as giving the structures of good practices for the Information Technology Service Management. Aside from that, another major and noteworthy point of this specific report is to show the possibility just as the limit with respect to assessing just as understanding the related jobs and duties, exercises and goals for empowering the compelling improvement, the executives just as arranging of its procedures administrations. What's more, this report on the ITSM, has additionally centered for applying the worldwide standard for the Information Technology Service Management to the contextual investigation of HSCs ITIL selection in their IT tasks by fusing the persistent improvement of administration, administration activity, administration change, administration configuratio n just as the administration methodology of IT. Organization Background Ho Chi Minh Securities Corporation (HSC) is the honor winning just as the main expert protections business just as value firm in Vietnam which is one of the quickest creating economies of Asia (Anon 2016). This association primarily conveys a far reaching rundown of the money related administrations for the institutional just as private customers offering proficient guidance of venture sponsored by trusted just as strong research (Anon 2016). It has built up for HSC an uncommon reputation to interface organizations to financial specialists and making long haul associations. Significance of ITSM at HSC Data Technology Service Management has executed the nearness of ITSM acknowledged in both of the enormous and tremendous tasks those are of worldwide measured and he developing and medium endeavors also (Iden and Eikebrokk 2014). Every one of them have felt the need just as significance of it and furthermore have gone after for embracing ITSM into its usefulness (Fitzsimmons and Fitzsimmons 2013). In any case, the issue is in the way that not the greater part of these organizations comprehend the real significance of ITSM. A large number of the ventures have quite recently actualized the Service Desk that isn't the ITSMs genuine importance (Davenport 2013). Data Technology Service Management is exhibited in Information Technology Infrastructure Library as the help just as conveyance of Information Technology benefits those are reasonable to the necessities of the matter of an organization (Ali, Soomro and Brohi 2013). If there should be an occurrence of Ho Chi Minh Securities Corpora tion, this association is an honor winning just as the main expert protections value and financier undertaking in Vietnam that is one of the quickest creating economies in Asia (Schwalbe 2015). Along these lines, the Information Technology division of this association bolsters a large portion of the urgent just as basic administrations of the business inside the endeavor and as such the organization was keeping watch for the rules of Comprehensive Service Management that HSC can receive. In this manner, the association has a few exclusive requirements from the Information Technology branch of HSC (Nurfaizah, Utami and Arief 2015). As a division, in that capacity, HSC needed to be guaranteed that, the association was sure the endeavor could offer a steady stage that was prepared for any sort of outcome before the business took up any large difficulties (Chauhan, Raman and Singh 2013). The matter of HSC specifically was expecting for entering the subsidiaries showcase sooner rather than later that would require the organization for giving a significantly progressively hearty foundation of exchanging (Hesson, Soomro and Geray 2012). The association additionally needed for guaranteeing the way that they have dealt with the change just as easily the resulting outstanding burden. HSC has felt it was the most significant just as functional direction that the association could use by assessing the system ITIL (Dahlstrom, Walker and Dziuban 2013). There are a few assistance angles because of which the association has arranged this specific system. These are as per the following, Specialized Services Information Technology Service Management centers around the administrations those are identified with the innovation in a particular region of innovation. A few perfect models would be the Windows Administration administrations, Data base administrations just as the system administrations (Fitzsimmons and Fitzsimmons 2013). Hierarchical Services ITSM likewise centers into the job in a particular organization or in a particular organization (Davenport 2013). For an occurrence, the Operation Support Services just as the Sales Support Services are the significant and noteworthy instances of this specific part of ITSM. Application Services ITSM additionally centers around the specific business utilization of the end client (Schwalbe 2015). Subsequently, the perfect and suitable models would be the Enterprise Resource Planning Services just as Email administrations. The significant significances of ITSM with regards to HSC are as per the following, Extraordinary association between the IT needs just as business Generally, t Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15797667117284692051noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2332910829646206547.post-18287141184705816312020-08-21T12:38:00.001-07:002020-08-21T12:38:31.435-07:00Introduction to Squinting ModifierPrologue to Squinting Modifier A squinting modifier is an equivocal modifier (normally a qualifier, for example, just) that seems to qualify the words both when it. Additionally called aâ two-way modifier or squinting development. A squinting modifier can for the most part be revised by changing its situation in the sentence. Models and Observations Here are a few instances of a squinting modifier: What you hear frequently you will believe.Instructors who drop classes once in a while are reprimanded.We concurred at our first gathering to actualize the new procedures.The representative undermined after his re-appointment to expand engine vehicle permit fees.I disclosed to Merdine when the game was over I would drive her to the bingo hall.Here are a few things you probably won't know weââ¬â¢d like to share.We cannot acknowledge totally dynamic rationale is uncertain. The modifier totally could alter either the action word going before it or the descriptor tailing it. Such a modifier is now and then called a squinting modifierit appears to glance in two areas on the double. Squinting modifiers can be elusive when were investigating what weve composed, on the grounds that we ourselves, obviously, recognize what we mean, and the language structure isn't off base, simply uncertain. The model could be made unambiguous by making it possibly We cant totally acknowledge theoretical ra tionale or We cannot acknowledge rationale that is totally unique. For the subsequent importance, we need to make the sentence increasingly confused and utilize a relative condition, in light of the fact that in the first sentence there is no situation for totally that will make it unambiguously the modifier of abstract.(Edward D. Johnson, The Handbook of Good English. Simon Schuster, 1991) The Placement of Only I amâ only purchasing natural apples these days.The kids just skill to mirror vampires and zombies.Theoretically in any event, the situation of just influences the importance of a sentence . . .. Be that as it may, by and by I just need one, I need one in particular, and I need just a single all have a similar importance, in spite of contrasts in musicality and accentuation. Despite the fact that you may have discovered that just ought to in every case straightforwardly go before the word it changes, most contemporary essayists on style qualify that standard, calling attention to that sentences like these sound unnatural and unnatural: Possibly a huge number of individuals pass by, yet I have eyes for just you.And where will everything end just God Knows. In every one of the models, you hope to discover just where the intensifier generally goes, before the action word, and the unnatural arrangement obstructs the perusing. . . . [W]hen just falls into its informal spot without causing uncertainty, let it stand.But without causing equivocalness is a significant capability. You can in some cases jumble a sentence by putting just before the action word rather than before the word it changes. On the off chance that, for instance, you compose that The board of trustees just appeared to be keen on their proposition, perusers wont fundamentally comprehend appeared to be intrigued uniquely with regards to their proposition. Maybe the panel was just faking interest. . . . So take care with your onlys.à (Claire Kehrwald Cook, Line by Line: How to Edit Your Own Writing. Houghton Mifflin, 1985) Just a Handbook Problem? The squinting modifier dwells mainly in school level handbooks. The term is utilized as a verb modifier or expression that remains between two sentence components and can be taken to change either what goes before or what follows. Let us take a gander at a model sent to us from a journalist in Korea: The store that had a major deal as of late failed. Here as of late can be deciphered as changing either the former or following part. Be that as it may, the substance of the sentence proposes it is a students sentence; a local speaker would not probably pass on the data in such a level and vague way. The instances of the squinting modifier appeared in school handbooks are equivalent to the one we have utilized here, and they appear to be quite far-fetched to happen in real composition. (Merriam-Websters Concise Dictionary of English Usage, 2002) Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15797667117284692051noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2332910829646206547.post-79951475607605555822020-06-11T04:28:00.001-07:002020-06-11T04:28:06.413-07:00The several centuries - Free Essay Example 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background. Over the several centuries, In order to adapt to a rapid changing environment, organizations must continuously improve their efficiency on production, increase competitiveness, and boost productivity (Chin and Dale, 2000; Kanji and Asher 1996). the the rapid changing business and the environment competitiveness over the global market drive Industrial to put effort on investigating the development of production technology to gain a higher productivity, cost effectively production process, and better quality service and product. In the past, organizations mostly concern on improving quality of the product to fulfill the customers expectation, As a result, t management theories and practices were developed becoming more maturely. Also, the organizations channeled their concerns into developing innovative product in order to increase their market share (Patri et al., 1998). But in recently decade, business and organization started to focus on social responsibility because they realize the quality of the environmental performance is closely linked to the environmental effects of their product (Kaplan and Norton, 2004). The environmental problem caused by industrial activities is getting serious by the huge demanding of energy. In accordance with the report from World Resources institute, a list of the top emitter of CO2 from industry, there is over a thousand million of CO2 emitted from china. As resulted, the world is polluted, and the environment is damaged by rapid growing industries and the continuously changing living environment. In fact, the situation have drive the world attention on the problem in order to less the industrial impact to environment, and various set of regulation have been published to deal with the impact. In the US, Europe and Japan, manufacturers are required to produce and recycle product that meet government regulations on e nvironmental protection ( Le Fvre, 2002). Most commonly, Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) and Restriction of Hazardous Subtances RoHS are consider as the basic requirement for import product.. Furthermore, deteriorate of global environment have aware the public concern on environment too, global warning and acidification effect, have been heightened over the last few years. It made people realize that how serious do the problem is. It drive people give attention to reducing wastes and pollutants in their lives, and consumers are willing to pay more money for product which have claim that they are environmental friendly, Industries and businesses who have not take responsibility for the impact of their product are not able to satisfied consumer with their product or service quality only. This has inspired organization by making their products to be more environmentally friendly, many businesses have responded to this awareness and claimed that they are providing greener products and applying greener processes to their goods or service. thereby gaining a larger market share for their business.The environmental performance of products and processes has become a key issue to the development of business In order to complying those requirements from global market and gain the good reputation to their business, the most efficiency method for industrial is to deal with the product and the production process, to improve it environmental performance. Government and eco organization over the world have already tackled on the issues, and various set of environmental management standards are published to assist industry to optimize their product and manufacturing method, thus to accomplish the goal of green design and green manufacturing, for example; ISO 14000 series, Environment Management system, ECO-Labels and Life Cycle issue, apart from the method mentioned, different sophisticated evaluation tool for environmental assessment has been developed together, to help manufacturer to review the existing product and production process if there is any space for betterment. An impact assessment tool can help to determine the level of impact induced by different alloy product. A specifically d esigned assessment tool can predict the potential environmental damages created throughout the entire product life cycle. The sources of environmental impact can then be identified and therefore corrective actions can be applied to reduce the damages. In this report, difference evaluation tool within the environmental sector will be introduced; it will show the way to implement the selected assessment tool thought a case study which is going to define the environmental performance of the selected product. 1.2 Aims The purpose of this report is to study the various assessment methods and try to apply the selected assessment tool to the largest volume product in my company 1.3 Objective To achieve the aim, the following objectives were formulated To review the currently available impact assessment method and understand their strengths and weakness, thus find out the possible approach for my company. To Study and scoping the function and function unit, process of the selected product, to identify critical factor to measure and assess the impact. To implement the select approach to the selected product, thus assess the production process and the product to seek any chance of improvement To review the obtained result and comment. Provide the useful information and specific recommendation for manufacturing similar product. 1.4 Scope of Research The scope of this research is the environmental damage in the product life cycle of aluminum casing. It includes the impact assessment for the product, such as the evaluation and the quantification of the environmental impact caused in life cycle of a aluminum profile. It analyses each life cycle stage by defining the critical assessment criteria, which must be considered in the impact assessment. In addition, it includes a demonstration of the impact assessment model by using a detailed case study. 2. Literature Review There are different kinds of literature surrounding environmental protection in manufacturing sector, in this chapter; it will introduce the concepts Life cycle thinking, approaches of environmental management system and life cycle assessment. The ideal of Life cycle thinking is help to have entire review of a product or service, environment system provides a framework for organization to have guideline in handling the environmental issue. The life cycle assessment is widely accepted as a tool in the environmental management system to evaluate environmental impact of a product. In this study, several existing impact assessment approaches are reviewed, and the advantage and disadvantage of those approaches are identified. The reviewed approaches in this report include Economic Input-Output Life Cycle Assessment (EIO-LCA), Environmental Priority Strategies (EPS), Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistrys life-cycle impact assessment (SETAC), Life Cycle Environmental Cost Analysis. 2.1 Definition of Environmental Impact Environment Impact is defined as the damage to environment; it is the relative results for both of the humans and eco-systems, and the change to the environment that is directly caused by any activities related to a product system or a service. It includes in direct consequences that relate to the direct changes to environment (CSA, 1994), The environmental impact can appear as chain reactions because the consequence of one impact may be the cause of another impact ( Chatagnon and Nibel, 1997). The impact includes secondary and tertiary consequences that are in connection with the primary changes to the environment, Therefore, it is necessary to trace back the beginning stage to find out the Stressor that cause the impact. The concept of stressor is introduced here, Stressor can be a substance or a condition that causes impact to human health or the eco-system, or which depletes the earths resources. Stressor can be generated from different product system, or any activities, such as carbon dioxide(CO2), chlorofluorocarbons(CFC), lead, and cadmium(Cd). Different stressors may cause different kinds of environmental impact. The related environmental impact may be global warning, acidification and ozone depletion. Figure 2.1 shows an example of the interrelation of the stressor and environmental impacts. 2.2 The Definition of Environmental Assessment In order to understand the principle of environment assessment, we need to get into the definition of environment first, environment includes areas of air, water, animals, and plants on the earth. It consists of the relationship between mankind and the natural and physical surroundings. Also, some other aspects like cultural, social and economic were recognized as element of environment too. All of these elements should be considered in implementing the environmental assessment. The close relationship between human and the environment encouraged practitioner starts to study the environmental issues. The formal environmental assessment was started in the late 1960s. The Coca-Cola Company was trying to determine the better bottle: glass or plastic. Since glass is a natural material, commonly people expected that glass would be the better environmental choice. But in Coca-Cola study, they find that the plastic bottle is having the best environmental performance in assessment. But in this study, the effect on environment and Human health were not taken as considering factor. A year after, There was an energy crisis, the event had became the prime movers the U.S and British governments to develop the analysis of energy consumption. Now there are concern for protecting the environment every where, and there are different ways to carry out environmental assessment Nowadays, environmental assessment knew as a tool to determine the environmental impact of an activity or project, including any positive or negative changes, the scope and depth of the assessment can vary considerably, but there are several basic steps to follow. Understand and define clearly the actions that are involved in the assessment. For example, the material or resources invoved, the taks to be carried out, and the alternatives to achieve the purpose should be described in detail. Understand the areas, from biophysical and socioeconomic points of view, that may be affected by the action. For example, all possible effects on the environment should be defined for the boundary of the study. Preconceive the implementation of the proposed action. Determine the possible impact, and quantify the impact if possible. Interdisciplinary analysis of the impact is required by the current federal law. Report the results of the study so that the evaluation of the possible environmental impact of the suggested action can be used in decision-making process. 2.3 Issues in Environmental Assessment There are a wide range of issues should be considered when conducting an environmental assessment, All of them are describing the problem is affecting to human health and environment. There are several issue will be discuss in most of the environmental assessment, they are global warming, acidification, ozone depletion, eutrophication, resource depletion, and toxicological stress. Global Warming: The energy from the sun heats the earths surface, and the earth radiates the energy back into space. The atmospheric greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and water vapour, act as the glass panels of a greenhouse to trap some of the energy and thus the heat on the earth is retained. The global warming effect is such that the concentration of the greenhouse gases keeps multiplying, thereby increasing the global temperature. Acidification: Acidification is actually the effect of acid deposition. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) are confirmed to be the causes of acidification.They are oxidized and dissolved into the water vapor to form sulfuric acid and nitric acid in the atmosphere. Wet deposition refers to acidic rain, fog, and snow. This acidic water affects a variety of animals and plants by flowing over the ground. Dry deposition refers to the acidic gases and particles that fall back to the earth surface. Ozone Depletion: Ozone depletion is referring to the destruction of the stratospheric ozone. The cause of the effect is that chlorine atoms and bromine atoms are released when the steady Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) and other ozone-depleting substances react with the Ultra Violet (UV) light. The ozone layer is then destroyed by these atoms, but the ozone-depleting substance still reminds the same. The consequence is that the Strong UV light penetrates the destroyed ozone layer and increasing the probability of skin cancer in humans. Eutrophication: Eutrophicaton means the blooms of algae that are caused by the high nutrient concentrations in an aquatic eco-system. Naturally, the process occurred as a result of aging of lakes; however, By discharging of nutrients and organic substances into aquatic eco-system through industrial activities, the process is hurried. The over actuate of the growth of algae interferes with the health and diversity of indigenous fish, plants, and animal populations. Resource Depletion: Resource depletion refer to the consumption of both of the renewable resources and nonrenewable resource. For example, renewable resource like wind and water, and the nonrenewable resources, like minerals (zinc, copper, nickel, etc.). Mostly the evaluate methods of resource depletion in impact assessment are based the concept of supply of the specific mineral and is usually confined to natural resources like coal, oil, gas, minerals, and water. Toxicological Stress: Toxicological effect is an important issue that is considered in many environmental assessments as it affects the human health both directly and indirectly. Some typical examples of toxic materials are heavy metals, persistent organic substances, and volatile organic compounds. They affect the human health through different chronic effects. 2.4 Environmental Assessment of Product Nowadays, with the technologies and materials developed, there are many product were replaced and fade out. The reason could be for better function or ease manufacturing. However, the new materials used or the up to date production processes for those products, have caused different degrees of impact to the environment. Hereby, the application of environmental assessment is extended to different types of product. Mostly, the impact of a product is environmentally benign when either being to be used or storage, the impact always comes up in the production stage and disposal stage. According to the definition of impact above, impact mostly appear when there is a change in the environment by process. Therefore, the best way to perform an environmental assessment of a product is to follow through the entire life cycle of the product. The definition of the environmental assessment to a product can be To define and quantify the service provided by the product, to identify and to quantify the environmental exchanges caused by the way in which the service is provided, and to ascribe these exchanges and their potential impact to the service. Wenzel et al. (1997) In general, the environmental assessment of products is referring to assessment based on the life cycle thinking, which can be named as Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), also termed as Life Cycle Analysis. LCA is a popular technique used to perform impact assessment on products. It consists of several standardized phases used to carry out the assessment. The details of Life cycle thinking and LCA will be described in the following sections. 2.5 Life Cycle Assessment Life Cycle Assessment is a tool that is used to evaluate the impact form a product, process or activity. For a product, the assessment would start from raw material extraction to disposal. It is called Life cycle to product. 2.5.1 Life Cycle Thinking The life cycle refers to the entire product life cycle in a sense from cradle to grave, that is from material preparation to product disposal. A typical product life cycle usually includes the stages of material preparation, manufacture, distribution, operation, and disposition, as shown in Figure 2.2. In defining the environmental performance of a product or service, some of us might not considering the output of supply chains or the use and end-of-life processes associated with the products. Also we might only focus on a specific country or region, and might not able to recognize the impacts or benefits that can occur in other regions or that are attributable to their own levels of consumption. It is very obvious that information in a single stage of the products life cycle cannot sufficiently describe its environmental impacts. Life Cycle thinking provide a broader perspective, it is given attention to a life cycle of a product included raw material used, supply chains, product u se, the effects of disposal and the possibilities for re-use and recycling. In a product life cycle, the longest period is the stage of use, sometime it might be the periods of storage in the life cycle, but mostly these stages will be environmentally benign. At the end of Life cycle, it has shown a feedback loops which is presenting the potential for recycling, remanufacturing and reuse. In a entire life cycle, recycling can be occur any stages, to environmental protection, but it not mean the process of reuse or recycling is having less environmental impact, every stage with different material in product life cycle will have its energy consumption and environmental impact. Through the study we able to identify possible improvements of goods and services in the form of lower the environmental impacts and reduced use of resources. The benefit of life cycle thinking can avoid burden shifting of each stage. It means once try to minimizing the impacts at one stage of the life cycle or particular impact category, also avoid increasing the impact in other stage. 2.5.2 Life Cycle Assessment The Methodology of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was designed based on life cycle thinking; it aims to focus on the material flow in existing products. The concept of life cycle assessment dates back to a famous case from 1969. The Coca-Cola Company was trying to determine the better bottle: glass or plastic. Because glass is a natural material, most people expected glass would be the better environmental choice. By using a form of life cycle assessment, they determined that a plastic bottle would ultimately be the best environmental choice. In the 1970s, an energy crisis encouraged U.S and British governments to continue the study, LCA was used as a tool to measure and evaluate the energy consumption of processes (EPA 1993). After the energy crisis, the interest of LCA diminished as well. Not until the early 1980s, there was a re-emerging interest in LCA caused by the extensive use of resources in packaging in Europe. The LCA was again applied in different studies of energy and e nvironmental issues, such as transportation, recycling, and packaging (Bouwman, 2002; CSWS 1990; Ekvall, 1999). From the late 1980s, LCA becomes the most frequent discussed concept for review the product and processes, assessment methodology was used in broader areas, and the products and systems being assessed were more complex. According to the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) (SETAC, 1993), a generic framework to perform an impact assessment should include three complementary steps. The first step is Inventory Analysis, which is the step to classify the input and output resource, the input of the inventory could be energy and materials consumptions, the output is the product or the emissions with respect to the different impact categories to which they contribute. The next step is Impact Analysis, which characterizes the environmental impact of a stressor contributing to its impact category. The third step is Improvement Analysis. This is an evaluation of different alternatives to reduce the environmental impact brought out in the entire life cycle of a product, process, or activity. Assessment includes quantitative and qualitative measures of improvement, for example, material selection, product and process design, usages and waste management. These phases are the basic component s of impact assessment, forming the basic framework of LCA. This LCA framework was reaffirmed at a later time. Goal Definition and Scoping was incorporated into the impact assessment as refinements after considerable debate (Fava et al., 1993), as shown in Figure 2.3. 2.5.3 Elements in Life Cycle Assessment The LCA framework was modified by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and categorized un the ISO 14000 series, the definition that ISO introduced is to evaluate and compile the input, output and the environmental burdens in the entire product life cycle (Ong et al., 1999). The organization of the ISO 14000 standards was showed in figure 2.4 As mentioned from above, there is four interrelated phrase in LCA, they are; Goal Definition and Scoping is the phase of the LCA process that defines the purpose and method of including life cycle environmental impacts into the decision-making process. In this phase, the following items must be determined: the type of information that is needed to add value to the decision-making process, how accurate the results must be to add value, and how the results should be interpreted and displayed in order to be meaningful and usable. Inventory Analysis -Inventory Analysis is a phase to construct the product systems in the study. The product system is used to show the different unit processes. For example, production process, transportation, waste disposal and recycling. The consumption of the energy, water and materials usages and the environmental release from the product system boundary will be Identified and quantified. Such as the emissions of pollutants and extraction of resources, are used in Impact Assessment. Impact Assessment The Impact assessment is used to group and transform the resource consumption into the related impact categories. Mostly the categories studies are Global Warming Potential, Ozone Depletion and Eutrophication. In this phase, a weighting step will be applied to the result by calculate with a factor, in order to obtaining the final impact score of the product syste. Interpretation Evaluate the results of the inventory analysis and impact assessment to select the preferred product, process or service with a clear understanding of the uncertainty and the assumptions used to generate the results. 2.5.4 Review the Application of LCA Since the growth of concern of environment, LCA has been applied in different study both in the public and private sector (Gloria et al., 1995). Obviously, it is because the function of LCA is acting as an important role in product development by helping product designer and decision maker to quantify and evaluate the environmental impact of product and services. Thought the LCA, the decision maker can obtain the evidence to certify that the design is environmentally friendly and gain the market advantage of green products. There is another benefit to manufacturer, is that with the approach of the LCA, they are able to choose greener manufacturing processes, thus improve the production efficiency and the expense in dealing with the pollutant from production process. Categories Reference Descriptions Automobile Dobson 1996 Two alternative painting processes in automobile industry Kasai 1999 Propeller shafts in vehicles Maclean and Lave 1998 Fuel cycle in terms of toxic discharges Electronic Huybrects et al. 1998 Two photographic films in the printed circuit board industry (silver film vs. Mastertool) Pollock and Coulon 1996 Inkjet print cartridge Terho 1996 Fibre optic cable Energy Furuholt 1995 Production of three different fuel product (diesel, regular gasoline and gasoline with MTBE unghi et al., 2004 A molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) system for landfill-gas recovery Waste Treatment Mendes et al., 2004 Comparison of the environmental impact of the incineration and the land filling of municipal solid waste Suh and Rousseaux, 2002 Comparison of five alternative treatment scenarios of sewage sludge in the French context Package De Monte et al., 2004 Comparison of different coffee packaging system Recycling McLaren et al., 2000 Materials flow analysis in recycling systems Ross and Evans, 2003 Recycling of portable nickel-cadmium batteries 2.6 Review of the impact Assessment Approach Different impact assessment approaches will be reviewed to address the objective, scopes and assessment criteria of the assessment model. Also it will state the characteristic, assessment method, the advantages and disadvantage of the assessment. 2.6.1 Economic Input-Output Life Cycle Assessment (EIO-LCA) In traditional LCA, resource input acquisition and environmental discharge data is the most critical information in assessment, but it is hard to quantify the data since the source may report by different unit. In order to deal with the limitation of traditional Life Cycle Assessment, the Economic Input-Output Life Cycle Assessment (EIO-LCA) is introduced (Hendrickson et al., 1998). The EIO-LCA approach is a method able to estimates the materials and energy resources required for, and the environmental emissions resulting from any activities in our economy. There are three basic steps in performing EIO-LCA, they are; Determine the physical assumptions of the product system. Calculate the economic effect relevant to physical assumption. In put the monetary values of the relevant purchases. The Environment output is resulted by the following equation: Bi = Ri X Where Bi is the vector of environmental output Ri is the environmental impact per dollar of output X is the economic output at each process stage. By the EIO-LCA approach, the economy effect associated with the energy consumption and emission can be resulted by the life cycle analysis. Practitioner able to obtain a economy wide and comprehensive assessment. The environmental impact will be ranked by the resulted values and worked as a reference for decision maker to define the critical problem, though the assessment, industrial is able to review the initial problem of their product or product process, thus obtain the solution. However, EIO-LCA is having a limitation which is th result of the assessment might not available for assessing the latest situation since the economic data is obtained from the past practices. Also the results estimate the environmental emissions or resource depletion with the life cycle of an industry sector, but do not presenting the actual environmental or human health impact. 2.6.2 The Swedish Environmental Priorities System The Swedish Environmental Research Institute (IVL) and Volvo motor Company developed the Environmental Priorities System (EPS) (Ryding et al., 1993; Steen and Ryding, 1992), the function of EPS is assisting product designers for selecting components and subassemblies with the minimum environmental impacts. The total impact of the product are determine with five safeguard factor, they are (1) Resources, (2) Human Health, (3) Production (4) Biodiversity and (5) Aesthetic value. The equation for impact calculation is; Total Impact = Where ELIi is the environmental load unit Mi is the mass of the used material i Each stressors ELI is a product of five factors as shown in the follows: ELIi = F1 F2F3F4F5 Where F1 is the unit effect determined based on the five safeguard subjects. It is determined on the basis of the monetary amount that the society is eager to pay for avoiding damages on the safeguard subject F2 is the scope of the effect of the effect based on either the number of people or in area F3 is the intensity or frequency of the effect on the safeguard subject F4 is the duration of the effect F5 is the normalization factor The EPS approach is based on the recommendations of SETAC, the actual damages, and characterizes the damages in monetary value is defined. The advantages is that the approach is widely accepted for any application, but the assessment is difficult to implement as it adopts cost instead of worth. This approach is also being questioned as to whether the economic and environmental science is able to provide the necessary data for the extensive valuation. 2.6.3 Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry Impact Assessment The SETAC defines the impact assessment as a three-step process for LCA (Fave et al., 1993), The aim of the approach is to drive the assessment to be more transparent and scientific. In SETAC Assessment, the considered impact categories mostly are biotic and abiotic resource depletion, global warning, ozone depletion, human and ecosystem toxicity, smog, acidification and eutrophication. The three step are; (1) Classification, (2) Characterization, (3) Valuation (Figure 2.5). Classification the process of identifying and classifying the environmental impacts of the stressor into several defined impact categories Characterization the process of estimating the magnitude of the environmental impacts on ecological health , human health or resource depletion Valuation The assignment of relative values or weight to different environmental impacts such that the quantified environmental impacts are aggregated into one single index The SETAC LCA approach is widely accepted in any organization and able to provide the extensive environmental assessment on different product and activities as it attempts to account for all the environmental impacts of the three main impact categories. In the other hand, the size of scope has become the issue the application which made the assessment to be complex and costly to implement. The model requires a lot of data relating to resource depletion, human and ecosystem toxicity. Also all the information have to be clarified before perform the assessment, otherwise, the undesired result could be obtained. 2.6.4 Life Cycle Environmental Cost Analysis The Life Cycle Environmental Cost Analysis (LCECA) is a life cycle environmental cost model that is used to evaluates the effect of eight eco-cost in whole product life cycle. The eight eco cost are the cost of effluent control, treatment and disposal, environmental management system, eco-taxes, rehabilitation, energy, and saving of reuse and recycling strategies. The relationship between the eco-cost and the estimated total product life cycle cost, Tc are presented by the equation. Where is the estimated value of the total life cycle cost of a product a is a constant which reflects the y-intercept of the regression line are the estimates of slopes of the regression lin (of each eco-cost) are the cost of the effluent control, treatment and disposal, environmental management system, eco-taxes, rehabilitation, energy, and saving of reuse and recycling strategies Similar to EPS approach, the LCECA tries to assess the environmetal impact based on the cost instead of accounting for the damages. It increases the difficulty in implementing the assessment. Also, uncertainty still exists in the result as the secondary data with low or medium quality were mostly used in the impact assessment. 2.7 Conclusion to the Reviewed Approaches The environmental concerns of different parties raise the need to develop a systematic approach for evaluating and assessing the environmental performances of products or processes, After investigating a number of impact assessment approaches, it is found that the main aspects considered in those approaches are the resource depletion and environmental effect on the ecosystem and human health. Most of the approaches perform the impact assessment in the life cycle perspective, in which the environmental effects of the waste stream on different life stages are considered. The accuracy of the evaluation results depends on the availability of precise data as the impact assessment approaches are usually data intensive. Most of the impact assessment approaches are difficult to implement because of the complexity of the evaluation procedure. The applicability of the impact assessment approach is limited as the sources of data for impact assessment are also limited. Few of the impact assessment approaches take care of the three main environmental concerns. Performing an LCA study is expensive in terms of the resources and time. To sum up, an effective tool for impact assessment should have a correct balance between the ease of use and the depth of study in a scientific way. 2.8 Simplified Life Cycle Analysis Since LCA is the environmental assessment of a product or production process throughout the entire life cycle. It is very complicated to conducting a full scale LCA because it involves a lot of information, thus a complete LCA could be an expensive and time consuming process (Curran 1996). In order to make LCA to be easier to be implement, some method describe as follow is applied to simplified the LCA, the development techniques are described as a shortcut method of the LCA, also known as streamlined LCA or abridged LCA(Graedel et al. 1995) ; 1. Narrowing the boundaries of study Since organization may not interest in all the stages of the product life cycle, either they just concern about their own operation, practitioners could set their research to a boundary that is the greatest interest. For example, A mobile phone manufacturer might neglect the study of the environmental impact when using. The advantage is that the practitioners can control the size of the study, as the environmental assessment only focuses on the selected (critical) stages of the product life cycle, it is easier to collect data. However, this approach does not assess the whole life cycle of the product, it cannot show the full picture about the environmental performance of the product. 2. Using qualitative and quantitative date For evaluation, it is necessary to collect reliable quantitative data for assessment, also it is the most critical part of conducting LCA, it is because some of the environmental hazards may not be quantifiable, and hard to collect supply data from various organizations, in accordance with such situation, qualitative data is used to ensure the analysis as possible as it can. In the other hand, it makes lake of depth and sufficient information for the assessment. 3. Focusing on a few critical environmental impacts. Since LCA is the study to find out the environmental impact of the entire product life cycle, it could be very expensive and take time to list out all the environmental impact. Though this approaches, only the particularly important impact will be addressed, The advantage of the approach is centralize the relevant information to gain a better result for decision maker. 2.8.1 Abridged LCA In order to making a balance between scientific precision and practical applicability is the significant advantage of the simplified LCA. The ATT case is a typical example of showing the application of the abridged LCA (Graedel et al. 1995). ATT has developed an abridged matrix approach for the LCA. This is a semi-quantitative, and uses a 55 matrix to facilitate the assessment. The 55 matrix, called the environmentally responsible product assessment matrix is the central feature of the assessment system. As shown in Figure 2.6, the matrix arrays five life cycle stages. There are premanufacture, product manufacture, product packaging and transport, product use, and refurbishment-recycling-disposal, and against five categories of environmental concern (materials choice, energy use, solid residues, liquid residues and gaseous residues. In this approach, a group of assessors is drawn from the various departments of the organization, checklists are provided to the assessors as guidance i n the assessment exercise. The assessors are asked to assign ratings, ranging from 0 (highest impact) to 4 (lowest impact), to the five categories of environmental concern for each life-cycle stage. It is obvious that the assessment is quite subjective. Once the assignment of rating is done, the overall Environmentally Responsible Product rating(RERP) can be computed as shown below: Where i is the life cycle stage; j is the category of environmental concern M is the element value in the environmentally responsible product assessment matrix Environmental concern ife Cycle Stage Materials choice Energy Use Solid Residues iquid residues Gaseous Residues Totals Premanufacture (1,1) Product Manufacture Product Delivery Product Use Refurbishment, recycle disposal ATT feel that the matrices provide a usefull overall assessment of a product, but in order to display the results to be more effective, the target plots is developed for this purpose. (SETAC 1999), A target plots is constructed by using 25 elements around the circumference of a circle. Points on the circumference represent a value of zero. A good product then has more points toward the centre of the circle. Figure 2.7 show the ATTs Target Plot for the generic automobiles. The advantage of conducting the streamlined life cycle assessment is that the model provided a simpler and cost efficient evaluates method to assessor to review the input and output of the entire life cycle, since some of the assessment approach involves a lot of information and data which is may not be quantifiable, also some of the data could be confidential document to organization, like data of waste inventory or waste treatment. As streamlined LCA is able to let the assessor based on the existing data, the time and cost expend could minimized. Moreover, the Streamlined LCA is a straightforward assessment which is good for perform comparison for similar product. Assessor can base on the score of two product to determine which the environmental friendly product is. In this study, the most importance is the available to perform the assessment to the product and the completeness of the evaluation, The streamlined LCA will be choose to performance the assessment to the product. 3. METHODOLOGY The project will started with Goal and Scope Definition, it aims to defines the purpose and method of including life cycle environmental impacts into the decision making process. By determining the time and resources needed, It will ensure that the breadth, depth and detail of the study are compatible and sufficient to address all the issue. The entire life cycle of the product will be studied, thus we able to address all the input and output from all stage. Through the study of product life cycle, we could gain the data of the product, i.e. the usage of material, energy consumption during the production process or transportation and any waste or byproduct, Then, based on the resulted information to compile a inputs and outputs inventory which is called Life Cycle Inventory (LCI). The life cycle inventory is a used to quantify the input and output of the life cycle of the product, process or activity, like material requirement, atmospheric emission, waterborne emission, solid waste, and other releases, all the information will have address through a system boundary. The quantified data of the input and output of the product will be used in assessment to evaluate the environmental performance of the product. 3.1 Goal and Scope Definition In Goal and Scope Definition, several decisions should be made in order to make effective use of time and resources, the statement in Goal definition are the purpose of the study, the Intended application, the intended audience. In scope definition, it should include the function of the product, the functional unit and system boundaries. .1.1 Goal Definition 3.1.1.1 Goal The goal for this LCA study was to identify main environmental issues of the product. The goal was to get an overview of the environmental impact thus to find out if it has any chance for improvement. 3.1.1.2 Intended Application To be used to define and guideline in coming product development project To build up the database to perform comparison to similar product 3.1.1.3 Intended Audience Aluminum Manufacturer: Aluminum Manufacturer would like to know their environmental performance of their process, thus seeking any improvement of product and make decision on production process. Product Designer: For product designer, they can based on the results to define what material or process can be use, to provide green design 3.1.2 Scope In this research, the assessment might not go though the entire product life cycle but will focus on the product life cycle from material extraction to transportation to other factor. Since the product will be assembled by other manufacturer, we are not able to monitor or control any energy consumption or impacts during installation of the product. 3.1.1.1 Unit Description The product under study is a casing for amplifier, the unit mostly supplied to sub manufacturer for pre-installation or for retail purpose. The product is comprises a top cover and bottom with total weight 500g. The top and bottom of the casing made by aluminum and assemble with some steel internal columns which contribute to 7% 8% of total weight. 3.1.1.2 Function and functional unit The function of the product is used to provide the complete protection of the product, by assembled with the main unit or the product, it could isolate the internal electronic product with other component, it have another function which is have better installation by designing the feature or the shape. The component could be tidier and well prepare for assemble, cost and production efficiency is enhanced, The material application for casing is aluminum. It is soft, durable, lightweight and malleable, By the characteristic mentioned, it provide the benefit that is high dimensional stability and less machining required. The functional unit of this is defined for all material as 2000 unit of 500g casing, the study would be applicable to the similar mass of aluminum product and with the same production process. 3.1.2.1 System Boundary In LCA, all flows should be followed until their inputs and outputs have all been translated into environmental interventions. In order to create a clear distinction between the product system and environment, and between elementary and other flows, the system environment boundary has to be clarify, On the top of the boundary, is represented where the resources are extracted and converted to feedstock material, i.e. Natural resource, raw material and ancillary material and water, it also represented the energy used for the system. In the boundary, it showed the entire production process and divided into step by step. At the bottom of the boundary, it shows the output of the whole process. The output could be product and services from the process, emission from the process, waste generated from the process, and byproducts and scraps from the production. All this information could be used in assess the environmental performance of the product. 3.1.3 Data Source The data of product boundary system is mostly reference to some free data source, but also literature and field data. In Table below, it has showed the data for production of energy, auxiliary materials and feedstock materials, also the quantified output from the production process. Direction Flow Type Substance I QTY O QTY Unit Environment Input Natural resource Brown coal 158 kg Ground Input Natural resource Crude oil 43 kg Ground Input Natural resource Hard coal 151 kg Ground Input Natural resource Natural gas 135 kg Ground Input Natural resource Alloying additives 18.6 kg Technosphere Input Refined resource Aluminum ingot 1013 kg Technosphere Input Refined resource Ar-gas 0.53 kg Technosphere Input Refined resource Chlorine 0.081 kg Technosphere Input Refined resource Electricity 749 kWh Technosphere Input Refined resource Fluxing agents 0.36 kg Technosphere Input Refined resource NaOH 28 kg Technosphere Input Refined resource Nitrogen 0.3 kg Technosphere Input Refined resource Paper and cardboard 3 kg Technosphere Input Refined resource Refractory materials 1.2 kg Technosphere Input Refined resource Steel 50 kg Technosphere Input Refined resource Water 30 m3 Technosphere Input Refined resource Wood 28 kg Technosphere Output Emission CH4 2.2 kg Air Output Emission Chlorides 0.002 kg Air Output Emission Chlorides 2.7 kg Water Output Emission CO 0.23 kg Air Output Emission CO2 860 kg Air Output Emission COD 0.003 kg Water Output Emission Dust 0.69 kg Air Output Emission HC 0.79 kg Air Output Emission HCI 0.1 kg Air Output Emission HF 0.01 kg Air Output Emission NH3 0.0016 kg Air Output Emission NOx 1.5 kg Air Output Emission Oil/grease 0.063 kg Water Output Emission SO2 3.2 kg Air Output Emission Suspended particles 0.33 kg Water Output Product Extruded aluminum profile 1000 kg Technosphere Output Residue Hazardous waste 1.6 kg Technosphere Output Residue Oil 1.7 kg Technosphere Output Residue Sludge 29 kg Technosphere Output Residue Solid waste unspecified 60 kg Technosphere 3.2 Scoring criteria for streamlined Life cycle assessment The scoring method for streamlined LCA is assign scores from 0-4 (0= poor performance, 4= excellent performance) to each part of the matrix, the score will be according to the set condition in different stage. Form the table blow, the score will be assigned according to the condition to each of the element of the Assessment matrix. Material Use Score Conditions 0 The material used in product can not be recycled. 4 Material used in product can be fully recycled 1,2,3 Subject to the rate of recycle or the product is Energy Use Score Conditions 0 20% lower of the energy are use to the produce/process 4 90% or above of energy are use to the product/process 1,2,3 Subject to the rate of the energy used to the product/process Solid Residues Score Conditions 0 Hazardous waste is produced/ material non recyclable 4 No hazard waste to produce and 1,2,3 Subject to rate of waste of product iquid residues Score Conditions 0 If waste water is 80% or above of the water input 4 If waste water is 20% or lower of the water input 1,2,3 Subject to the rate of waste water to water input Gaseous Residues Score Conditions 0 arge volume of greenhouse gas emitted from process 4 ow volume of greenhouse gas emitted from process 1,2,3 Subject to the amount of Based on the scoring criteria above, an environmental evaluation of the aluminium extrusion process was performed in Table 4.1, From the table below, we are able to recognized the Environmental concern ife Cycle Stage Materials choice Energy Use Solid Residues iquid residues Gaseous Residues Totals Premanufacture 3 3 3 4 3 16/20 Product Manufacture 3 1 2 2 1 9/20 Product Delivery 3 2 3 3 3 14/20 Product Use 4 4 3 4 4 19/20 Refurbishment, recycle disposal 3 2 3 2 2 12/20 Totals 16/20 12/20 14/20 15/20 13/20 70/100 4.1 Justification of Matrix Scores It is having relative high performance in this stage. Since the raw material can be fully input in the product process, the In the product manufacture stage, consider factor is the use ability and scrape rate of material, the select product casing has applied aluminum alloys for top and bottom housing, and there is some steel have been applied for internal column. the performance in this area would be influence by the material characteristic and the type of production process. According to the data of product life cycle inventory, the use ability is having well performance, almost 90% of material contributed to the final product. Also, recycle process have occurred for the scrape produced during the production process. But in order to product the product, lot of package material is included. In the assessment of product delivery, the defeat may not occur to the product itself, but may cause impact to the package. The product is very durable and tough material, it need not to be any maintenance in the product stage. Also, the material is 70-80% recyclable. The aluminum and steel alloys used is 70% 80% recyclable, which is having very well performance in this assessment. Since the transportation of raw material is subject to the supplier distance and the type of transport. In this study, the assessment will be adjust according to the assumption have made. For the production process, it is energy intensive in the entire life cycle. The energy use of deliveries of the product is subject to where doit sell, the product delivery method could be various due to the client requirement. Assumption has been made in order to performance a complete assessment. The scored is given by allocate the output of a truck into number of unit per truck.in this study, assume that product will be transported 800 miles by truck supplied to other manufacturer. The function of the product doesnt need any energy to work with, no energy consumption in these stage Assume that there 2% scrap should be included for the material acquisition, the package material will be consider as waste. Solid wastes and oil will be generated when during the production process. And the scrap allow will be produced. In delivery of the product, a significant of packing material are generated, to prevent the scratch on the product finish. When the product is in operate, no solid waste will be product what make it have a high score in this area For the product itself, the casing top, bottom and even the column are made by aluminum and steel respectively, and such material are recyclable at 70-80%. In premanufacture stage, it should have not liquid waste generate during material acquisition. Mining of the alloy will be a significant source of liquid waste generation, other liquid wastes will be generated in part cleaning and trapping process. Very little liquid waste will be generated for the shipping. For the product, no liquid waste will be generated when using. Refurbishment, Recycle Disposal The liquid waste of the recycle stage should be more or less to the product manufacture. Gaseous wastes are subject to the type of product delivery, the score was made according to the assumption. Alloy smelting generates during product process, and subject to the working period for the extrusion process. The greenhouse gases is generated in product delivery. The score is more or less to prmanufacture stage. For the product, since it is not related to any energy consumption, zero emission is resuted. Refurbishment, Recycle,Dispossal Recycling the alloy is similar to the product manufacture and it will generate gaseous residues. According the Figure 4.1, the comparison of environmental performance in different stage of the product life cycle has been shown. The figure is constructed with In comparing the result, the product manufacture is resulted the lowest mark among the different stage, it represent it resulted the worst the environmental performance. The Figure also showed the best performance is the stage of product use. In order find out the most critical problem in this stage, we will go further into the contribution of difference environmental concerned element. CONCLUSION In this report, I have tried to evaluate the environmental impact of the product from my company, it is an aluminum case for an amplifier. The goal of this study is tried to introduce the environmental assessment method to my company, thus encourage management to implement the approach to the existing product or product process, moreover improve the environmental performance of the product or process though the approach. In order to achieve the goal, I have completed several objectives. In order to select the appropriate assessment tool, I have reviewed the concept surrounding environmental sector. Then I have study the concept of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), LCA is a tool that used to evaluate the impact of entire life cycle of a product. The use of LCA is able to identify the environmental impact from raw material extraction o disposal of the product to avoid burden shifting of each stage. Other than LCA, there are other assessment method is providing similar function. In this report, The Economic input-Output Life Cycle Assessment (EIO-LCA), Environmental Priority Strategies (EPS), Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistrys Life Cycle Impact Assessment and the Life Cycle Environmental Cost Analysis are reviewed. Different approach is having its the advantages and disadvantages, after reviewed all the mentioned assessment method, it is resulted that although accuracy and complete analysis can carried out by implementing those approach, but most of them are data intensive, and those impact assessment approaches are difficult to implement due to the complex evaluation procedure. The cost and time consuming is another disadvantage to the process. Besides the method mentioned above, there is another approach which is developed with the aims of simplified LCA. The Developed method is called streamlined LCA or Abridged LCA, the streamlined LCA is method that using a 55 matrix to assess the environmental performance of a product and process, in the matrix, there are five life cycle stage which are premanufacture, product manufacture, product packaging and transport, product use, and refurbishment-recycling-disposal and against five categories of environmental concern. The advantage of the streamlined LCA is that able to provide a simpler and cost efficient assessment method to user, but also able to cover the input output of the entire life cycle. So the approach has been selected to assess the environmental performance of the product. Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15797667117284692051noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2332910829646206547.post-71449941598418439932020-05-26T20:34:00.001-07:002020-05-26T20:34:03.440-07:00Evaluating the Effects of Eating a Diet on Weight LossEvaluating the Effects of Eating a Diet on Weight LossEvaluating the effects of eating a diet on weight loss is something that many people find very difficult. In this article I will be providing you with some evaluation essay samples on diets PDF's that you can use to help you understand some of the benefits of having a healthy diet. Read through these carefully and think about what they say about diets in general.Start off by reviewing the three steps. The first step is to look at your intake of food. You need to consider the overall amount of food that you are consuming. Once you have done this, you then have to work out a plan of action, most importantly, which foods will be eaten, what time of day, how often, and so on.The second step is to review your feelings about food. Many people believe that they feel good or bad when they eat certain foods, but this is not the case. As you start to evaluate your feelings about the food that you eat, you will notice that there are definite changes.The next step is to look at the side effects that may occur if you do not eat correctly. Some of the most common side effects of not eating properly include stomach cramps, nausea, flatulence, anxiety, insomnia, hunger, depression, and more. This is a major problem that you need to be aware of. You will need to be able to consider this problem before deciding on the type of diet to go for.The fifth step is to look at any physical conditions that you may have. It may be that you are experiencing allergies to certain foods, or you may simply be suffering from digestive problems. If you are suffering from any of these conditions, then you should know that you need to look at whether you are eating too much of one type of food.It is really very important to note that evaluating the effects of eating a diet on weight loss is not always straightforward. There are many variables that are involved and it is necessary to take into account your own feelings of others as well. These r esults of evaluating dieting on paper will help you understand the effects of eating diets on weight loss more clearly.What they say will provide you with a different perspective on the impact of different types of diets. These evaluations on a diet will also help you better understand the subject matter that you need to be familiar with. Remember that these evaluations on dieting on paper will be the foundation of any successful diet program. Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15797667117284692051noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2332910829646206547.post-64028376892571232462020-05-17T15:24:00.001-07:002020-05-17T15:24:05.737-07:00Ocean Habitats - 2966 Words An Ocean Habitat or sometimes refer to as a marine environment is a place in the ocean where plants and animals interact with the chemical and physical features of the environment. An Ocean habitat is a place where communities of organisms live. The three main ocean habitats of the ocean are the open water, the soft sandy to muddy bottom and the hard shore. Examples of ocean habitats are the coral reefs, the estuaries and the abyssal zone. Habitats can be classified in a number of ways in order to compare them at different times, across different geographic areas, and in terms of different life history strategies. Habitats are as varied as the animals that live in them and each could be infinitely described, but another general way toâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Estuaries are created by the tide. They are mixtures of salt water coming in from the ocean and fresh water entering the ocean from the river. The salt water is pushed under the fresh water causing an abundance of sea life to live in the estuary. Yet animals that live in the estuaries still have adapt to the water change caused by the tides. More on Salt in Seawater. They either have to leave the estuary at low or high tide, or adapt to both kinds of water. At low tide the water is mostly fresh water, and at high tide the water is mostly salty. Thousands of birds populate the area and depending on the food they eat they have to migrate maybe once, or two times a day. The tide changes twice a day and because of this fisherman also have to regulate their fishing around the schedule. So the saying nature prevails itself really adds truth to the state of an estuary. Kelp forests are a feature of many cool water environments around the world and Australia supports some excellent examples of these forests of the sea. Kelp forests are also a feature of the west coast of North and South America, the North West Pacific including Korea, New Zealand, South Africa, and many of the islands in the Southern Ocean. Kelp forests usually grow on sub tidal rocky reefs although some kelps are able to grow on smaller scattered rocks. In general they grow on reefs in waters to a maximum ofShow MoreRelatedSeaworld, California And Virginia1582 Words à |à 7 Pagesthat parks like SeaWorld are necessary for educational purposes, they need to realize that these animals are not here so we can seize them from their natural habitats and watch them swim in cramped tanks. SeaWorld needs to discontinue their capturing of whales for the enjoyment of humans because wild animals belong in their natural habitat. In 2012, Judge Jeffrey Miller of San Diego threw out a lawsuit prosecuting SeaWorld of enslaving orcas. A group known as People for the Ethical TreatmentRead MoreAnimals Should Not Be Held Captivity1588 Words à |à 7 PagesShould Not Be Held in Captivity Animal captivity has been an ongoing debate for over 60 years. There should be no question about whether animal captivity is wrong. ââ¬Å"Hundreds of thousands of wild animals across the world are snatched from natural habitats, forced into captivity and subjected to abuse, both mentally and physically, in the name of entertainment and profit.â⬠(World Animal Protection 1) Places such as the circus use abusive training methods such as, hooks, chains, whips, electric rodsRead MoreBPs Commitment to the Recovery of Natural Resources863 Words à |à 3 Pagesprojects will restore and enhance wildlife, habitats and the services provided by those habitats, as well as provide additional access for fishing, boating and related recreational uses. The projects are in Alabama, Florida, Louisiana and Mississippi. The trustees approved the projects in April 2012 following a public review and comment period and implementation began in the same year. Phase II projects Two additional projects will improve beach nesting habitat for birds in Alabama, Florida and MississippiRead MoreDescriptive Essay - My Eyes And Imagine1611 Words à |à 7 Pagesruins habitats and animal homes, disrupting food chains which leads to effecting humans too! And you know what, these are heritage trees. If the process of making wood involves chopping down trees it should only be sustainable and Not involve chopping down old, beautiful heritage trees, or planting pines because they kill any plants within a certain range of their roots, but it should be sustainable plants that have been planted purposely for chopping them down and has not ruined any habitats! PlusRead MoreAnimals Should Not Be Held Captivity1590 Words à |à 7 PagesShould Not Be Held in Captivity Animal captivity has been an ongoing debate for over 60 years. There should be no question about whether animal captivity is wrong. ââ¬Å"Hundreds of thousands of wild animals across the world are snatched from natural habitats, forced into captivity and subjected to abuse, both mentally and physically, in the name of entertainment and profit.â⬠(World Animal Protection 1) Places such as the circus use abusive training methods such as, hooks, chains, whips, electric rodsRead MoreZoos, Circuses, and Aquariums: Cruel and Unjust Essay1933 Words à |à 8 PagesPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania. In these early zoos, animals were kept in small, uncomfortable cages, and in 1907, Carl Hagenbeck opened a zoo where the animals were exhibited on artificial islands that attempted to mimic their natural habitats (Evans). Sadly, even the best artificial habitats cannot come close to the freedom animals possess in their true homes. At some zoos, living conditions are often poor with animals limi ted to cramped, dirty enclosures (PETA). For example, elephants are usually kept in enclosuresRead MoreSatisfy Our Greed And Our Needs?984 Words à |à 4 Pagesselfishness and ignorance of what is happening to the environment is causing further damage than the natural destruction and change of nature. The lengths we have taken to satisfy our greed has led to the destruction of natural resources, environment, and habitats, effectively disrupting the life of thousands of species. As the homo sapiens population continues to grow, so does the never ending rate of the consumption of nature. It is increasingly difficult to find areas untouched by human influence as moreRead MoreCoastal Change : The Ocean Essay1869 Words à |à 8 PagesLinda Oââ¬â¢Hirok ESRM 100 Sec. 04 31 October 2016 Coastal Change: The Ocean The ocean is an extraordinary working machine. It benefits from itself as we benefit from it. This machine controls the earthââ¬â¢s climate, offers food for oceanic species and humans, trade, commercial and industrial transport, natural medicines and of course recreation (Ocean and Human Health, seaweed.com). Consequently, we need to be aware on how we use the ocean due to its rich, and yet scarce, resources and convenience. ThisRead MoreThe Habitat Of A Habitat Essay1744 Words à |à 7 PagesA habitat is the environment in which an organism, species, or community of animals lives and includes all living and nonliving factors or conditions in the surrounding environment (The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica, 2008). There are numerous habitats located across different geographic regions and they are classified in various ways in order to compare them in all aspects. The organisms that are found in habitats have specific characteristics that allow them to survive and thrive withi n itRead MoreThe Earth Has Vast Oceans2050 Words à |à 9 PagesOut of the eight planets in our solar system, Earth is the only planet circling the Sun on which life as we know it could (and does) exist. Unlike any other planet, the Earth has vast oceans with millions of small islands in them, green vegetation, huge landmasses, different topographies, like the mountains, ice caps and deserts, all of which present an amazing variety of color and texture. be the extremely cold Antarctica, where hardy microscopic beings thrive in ponds, tiny wingless insects live Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15797667117284692051noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2332910829646206547.post-36328552705003730382020-05-16T04:59:00.001-07:002020-05-16T04:59:19.257-07:00The Story Of An Hour, And Desiree s Baby Essay - 1406 Words Many stories back then consisted of women being dominated over their husbands just because they are female and are considered the ones responsible to maintain the housework. The men who were considered dominant in this era, had the ability to control everything in terms of what the woman could and could not do. Along with that, it was expected that women were to be submissive to their husbands, or male figures in charge of their lives at the time. But in these three different stories, the outcomes of the woman all result in a significant impact to their lives in rather negative ways. In A Rose for Emily by William Faulkner, The Story of an Hour, and Desireeââ¬â¢s Baby both by Kate Chopin, the reader experiences the reinforced and subvert gender norms present in the women with male figures who are dominant and have control over their lives. In A Rose for Emily by William Faulkner, Emily faces reinforced and subvert gender norms due to the fact of her fatherââ¬â¢s dominance over her life towards the beginning of the story. It was known that Emilyââ¬â¢s father was very controlling about who she would bring home because ââ¬Å"None of the young men were quite good enough for Miss Emily,â⬠(41). Due to her fatherââ¬â¢s dominance having an effect on her life, she was never really able to experience any desirable relationships that she wanted until she met Homer Barron. Unfortunately her father ended up passing away and ââ¬Å"she went out very little,â⬠(27) and ââ¬Å"after her sweetheart,â⬠(27) as the time ââ¬Å"wentShow MoreRelatedKate Chopin s The Story Of An Hour1309 Words à |à 6 Pagesin some areas. For the author of both stories, Kate Chopin, she wanted the reader to get something out of the story. She likes to explore all types of themes in her stories such as, racism, the roles of women, and adultery. With these themes and messages she struggled to have most of her stories published. In many of her stories she passed along these messages through the manner of a marriage. In her short stories ââ¬Å"The Story of an Hourâ⬠and ââ¬Å"Desiree s Babyâ⬠she showed just how different marriagesRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin1540 Words à |à 7 PagesKate Chopinââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"The Story of an Hourâ⬠, the main character, Mrs. Louise Mallard, is a woman with a heart problem that gets horrifying news that her husband has passed away in a train crash. When she starts thinking about her freedom, she gets excited; she is happy to start her new, free life. However, a few hours later her husband walks in the door and she finds out it was all a mistake. When she realizes her freedom is gone her heart stop and she then dies. In ââ¬Å"Desireeââ¬â¢s Babyâ⬠Desiree is an orphaned womanRead MoreThe Importance Of A Women And The Hierarchy Of A Male1 639 Words à |à 7 PagesShe has publish many short stories such as ââ¬Å"Story of an Hourâ⬠,â⬠A Pair of Silt Stockingsâ⬠, ââ¬Å"A Respectable Womenâ⬠, ââ¬Å"Desiree s Babyâ⬠and ââ¬Å"The Stormâ⬠. These stories causes people to question whether their assumptions of a novel is correct. Two major theme that Chopin promotes throughout most of her work, is the importance of a women and the hierarchy of a male. These stories all have different story lines but share a common ground which is the admiration of a women s role in life and their constantRead MoreAn Analysis Of Kate Chopin s Chopin 1690 Words à |à 7 PagesKate Chopin was a famous American author of many short stories and novels. Chopin is now considered to have been a predecessor of the feminist movement and a leader of the feminist authors of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Kate Chopin lived a rather traditional life as a housewife until her husbandââ¬â¢s untimely death, wh ich significantly changed the course of her life. Chopin s career as a writer actually began when she started facing financial struggles due to the death of her husband. Chopinââ¬â¢sRead MoreRelationship Between Relationships And Relationships1527 Words à |à 7 Pagesas good, some of them are bad and unhealthy. They can sometimes cause major problems that affect the people involved and others too. Relationships can also be between groups of people. Many stories have racism in them which is a perfect example of bad relationships with groups of people. Almost all good stories have relationships in them which shows that relationships are vital to American Literature. Having relationships is common and natural. People interact daily so the formation of new relationshipsRead MoreThe Awakening, the Story of an Hour, and Desirees Baby2934 Words à |à 12 PagesThe Awakening, The Story of an Hour and Desireeââ¬â¢s Baby By: Destiny Frye Title The Awakening: The novel was titled ââ¬Å"The Awakening,â⬠because the main character Edna Pontellier goes through a series of liberations that cause her to ââ¬Å"awakenâ⬠or become aware of her The Story of an Hour: The title refers to the actual duration of the story. All the events that take place in the story can happen in the time frame of an hour. Desireeââ¬â¢s Baby: The title refers to one of the main characters, ArmandRead MoreWho Am I As A Reader?1446 Words à |à 6 Pageswhich meant an interesting experience for me and I consider myself literary enriched. What impressed me most of all works studied, was the theme of irony, flipped in works like Desireeââ¬â¢s Baby, and The Story of An Hour, by Kate Chopin and The Open Boat, by Stephen Crane. As a reader, you can imagine the end of the story in a certain way, naturally, assumed by anyone, but at the end, you are surprised by a tragic, unfortunate finish. Also, I must admit that I was deeply impressed by Shirley Jacksonââ¬â¢s workRead MoreAn Examination Of How Kate Chopin s Work1298 Words à |à 6 PagesComp/Lit Essay 2 (Mulry) Sellers, James R ââ¬â 920022413 Due Date: April 20, 2015 An Examination of How Kate Chopinââ¬â¢s Works Taken Together Contribute to our Understanding of Her Time and the Place of Women in Society Looking at themes present in his short stories and novels, Kate Chopin presents examples of female strength and an assertive rebellion to the social norms during the late 1800s. By seeking to transparently and boldly portray the risquà © behavior of her lead characters, which are with few exceptionsRead MoreKate Chopin s Story Of An Hour993 Words à |à 4 Pagesfiction intermix in stories because writerââ¬â¢s base their stories of real life experiences and feelings. Kate Chopin largely based her stories off of her own life. Kate Chopin spent her childhood years in an alternative and matriarchal Louisiana town with a family that was unconventional. She challenged her nineteenth century sexist society and used her own life to put strength and feminism into her stories like ââ¬Å"The Stormâ⬠, ââ¬Å"Desireeââ¬â¢s Babyâ⬠and of course ââ¬Å"The Story of an Hourâ⬠. She lived with herRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper, And Desiree s Baby2435 Words à |à 10 PagesNot so long ago, there was a time that men s dominance and superiority over women was the social norm. Men were the accepted authorities in any relationship and held all the say. In the two stories, The Yellow Wallpaper, and Desiree s Baby, the female protagonists are portrayed as weak characters who are heavily dependent on their husbands for everything. Without the men in their lives, the women would be essentially helpless. But the authors of these two stores were nothing like their characters Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15797667117284692051noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2332910829646206547.post-28991781577961975922020-05-06T19:28:00.001-07:002020-05-06T19:28:03.452-07:00Puppy Mills Should Be Outlawed - 810 Words Did you ever think about puppy mills; if they should be outlawed or not? For one to think or answer that question they must know what a puppy mill is, ââ¬Å"an establishment that breeds puppies for sale, typically on an intensive basis and in conditions regarded as inhumane.â⬠. A website called Humanesociety.org states, ââ¬Å"Over a fiveâ⬠year period (2007â⬠2011), our puppy mills campaign received 2,479 puppy buyer complaints. Buyers complained about sick puppies sold by a variety of sources, including pet stores, breeders (both in person and online), or middleman dealers (sometimes known as brokers).â⬠That proves that the dogs are not treated well. I think puppy mills should be outlawed because the dogs are treated the way they should be, dogs are getting hurt, and they over breed the dog. Puppy Mills donââ¬â¢t treat the dogs the way they should be treated. A website called, Humanesociety.org writes, ââ¬Å"Puppy Mills disregard the dogsââ¬â¢ healthâ⬠that proves that dogs are not healthy in puppy mills. That website also said that there was a dog that was bought at a puppy mill and in less than a week, the dog passed away from a type of illness. That proves that they donââ¬â¢t take good care of their dogs so they get sick and die. It also made mine think, that The website also described that 3 million is the estimated number of dogs and cats euthanized by shelters every year in the U.S. That made me think well, isnââ¬â¢t it sad that 3 million dogs die every year from a non natural death, this also made meShow MoreRelatedRights and Ethics: What We Need1146 Words à |à 5 Pagesas capable of suffering as we are, and an effort should be made to increase their rights. Governments around the world should establish special rights that ensure the advancemen t and end of suffering of all sentient creatures, both human and non-human. Everyone and everything should be given the same chance to flourish and live. Basic rights such as free speech, privacy, fair trial, freedom of religion, the right to ones own body, and life should be present universally. But beyond these, what elseRead MoreThe Effects Of Animal Testing On Human Society1591 Words à |à 7 Pagesdoesnââ¬â¢t mean they cannot be defended. Animal testing should be completely outlawed to where animals do not suffer. Experimentation is cruel and unfair and it does not have enough beneficial results to deem it necessary. It is terrifying to know that there are people out there willing to hurt innocent animals just to get results that are sometimes not even accurate. Some people argue that humans are not necessary superior to animals, so why should we experiment on them? Each year different speciesRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Save People s Lives2260 Words à |à 10 Pagesnot do the same? Though animals cannot speak and are not thought to be capable of our thinking, they do not deserve to have products tested on them or to go through horrible experiments just to better our scientific world. Animal testing should be completely outlawed or modified to where animals do not suffer, because experimentation is cruel and unfair and does not have enough beneficial results to deem it necessary. Humans and animals have many characteristics in common. Like humans they have similar Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15797667117284692051noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2332910829646206547.post-18917850496659474702020-05-06T17:27:00.001-07:002020-05-06T17:27:10.189-07:00Analysis Of Kipling s The Great Gatsby - 1570 Words Professor Timothy J. Juntilla English 100 9 December 2015 TITLE Kim is based on the India that Kipling experiences during his five years of working there as a newspaper reporter. ââ¬Å"His residence near the primary British Army base in Northwest Indiaâ⬠¦.enhanced his already intense admiration for the martial lifeâ⬠(Matin 359). Events in the novel are manipulated to formulate Kiplingââ¬â¢s dream of dominated India. Being a product of his time, Kipling believes that the British empire has an obligation to bring ââ¬Å"enlightenmentâ⬠to inferior races and underdeveloped countries. His idea of the best way to rule the native India is expressed by creating Kim who is born in the country, resulting in Kimââ¬â¢s appreciation and favor of the Indian culture. Kipling constructs the native India consists of salvage people who are waiting to be civilized by British and limited by their races no matter how much they contribute to the imperialist system. He has people positively speak on empireââ¬â¢s behalf and recognize the work o f British men. Moreover, all the characters exist in the story to help Kim going on the right track to become an imperialist boy and rise above everyone else. Kimââ¬â¢s ultimate choice of British empireââ¬â¢s interest over his loved lama and his being blessed for doing so successfully deliver Kiplingââ¬â¢s imperialism message. The White manââ¬â¢s Burden edifies readers who are not familiar to Kiplingââ¬â¢s imperialistic ideology. The poem was written and sent to Theodore Roosevelt in 1898 when America Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15797667117284692051noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2332910829646206547.post-38401423431775424592020-05-06T01:21:00.001-07:002020-05-06T01:21:13.924-07:00Antigone (495 words) Essay Example For Students Antigone (495 words) Essay AntigoneAnd LawsA crucial question in Antigone is, When someone makes a law that is known bythe public to be morally wrong, should the public break his/her law? Or shouldthey collaborate with that person by obeying? Antigone felt that the law (no onewas supposed to bury her brother Polyneicies) should be broken so she took whatshe thought to be appropriate measures. This is called Civil Disobedience. Another question is Is Civil Disobedience morally and ethically correct?The Nazis say one thing, and the Vietnam war veterans say one thing. The Nazisdid not believe that Civil Disobedience was ethically or morally righteous,because of there inhumane acts upon the Jews in the 1940s probably led someNazi officials to think about Civil Disobedience, after all the were told to doa job and if they didnt they would have been killed. As Adolph Hitler showedthe world, just because one idiotic person thinks something is right thatdoesnt make it right. The Nazi officials parallel Ismene, because there is alaw that they both knew to be wrong but they are so afraid to step up that theyjust collaborate with it. Another parallel is that the Jews and Polyneiciessoul. The Jews were caught up in the middle of the officials, the liberatingnations, and Adolph Hitler. As was Polyneicies soul caught in between Creon,Antigone, and Ismene. Also, in that they both had to undergo extreme pain,torture, and horror. Lastly the invading nations parallel Antigone in that theyboth fought against the law in both their times. Antigone fought to save herbrothers spirit, and the invading nations fought to save the Jews. Civildisobedience is wrong even though it might not go with any religious beliefs,but for Christians, laws are established by governments, governments areestablished by God, so what is there to go against besides Gods own law? Lawsare made for the communities own safety, or own good. If a law was passed not tostay outside because of serial killings how many would stay outside late atnight, not to many. A law was passed not to steal, how many people are arrestedand convicted every week because they stole something. So laws are for thebenefit of that area, in order to uphold that law there must be a price ofpunishment. During the Vietnam conflict there was a military draft, some ran toCanada in order to save their own life. Our dear President William BillClinton ran to Canada to avoid having to go to war. If you live in a countrywith equal rights you at least owe that country something. The Vietnam veteransthink this example of Civil Disobedience, is exceptionally wrong. Whensomeone makes a law that is known by the public to be wrong? Then they shouldbe collaborated with. The Jews would say it is alright to break this particularlaw. The Vietnam veterans would say it is not acceptable to break that law. Thereal answer is that there is no real answer, because some say it is alright, andsome say it is not right. Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15797667117284692051noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2332910829646206547.post-5344338856967873992020-05-05T21:16:00.001-07:002020-05-05T21:16:22.840-07:00Service Operations of a Restaurant Chain-Free-Sample for Students Question: Critically evaluate the service management strategies of a fine dining restaurant in the form of an academic report. To complete the task, you will be required to apply your theoretical knowledge to a hypothetical restaurant in the Sydney citys central business district. Answer: Introduction: The report is prepared for reviewing the current state of management strategies and service operations of a restaurant chain Al Dente Primo Restorante in Australia. This particular restaurant operates in five of its city based outlets and with the evolving needs of customers, they are facing some challenges in its service design. It is ascertained from the case study that restaurant provides immaculate service to its targeted customers and has a monthly rotating menu. Due to increased competition in restaurant business in Australia, the management is concerned about service quality, as they perceive that the quality standard id deteriorating compared to other players in the market (Dehury Sahoo, 2016). In this report, service quality dimension of flagship restaurant is evaluated along with the analysis of existing management strategies. Report also incorporates discussion on recommendation on new service management strategies for Al Dente for improving standards of service quality. Discussion: Evaluation of key service dimensions: It is essential for organization to understand the perception of their quality of services that are being delivered and the way they are evaluated by customers. Service quality dimensions demonstrated at the flagship restaurant is evaluated by the application of service quality model that explores the case and effect relationship between variables involved in service. The gap in the management of service quality of restaurant is SERVQUAL model that deals with the identification of five dimensions such as reliability, tangibles, responsiveness, assurance and empathy (Berry et al., 1985). Reliability- This particular dimension deals with the ability of restaurant to deliver the promised services accurately and dependably. Feedback provided from customers is the illustration of the fact that quality of foods served is average and is not worthy of the price charged from customers (Arvola Holmlid, 2016). Moreover, management expects a high rate of table turnover but the dining facilities lacks in terms of limited seats available that make customers visiting to wait for loner time. Therefore, the service offered Al Dente is not reliable as evaluated from customer feedback. Tangibles- The tangibles of restaurant service are related to physical facilities, appearance of personnel and equipment. Analysis of customer feedback from depicts that employees are arrogant at the greet table service. Staffs serving foods to customers could barely speak English and they are not attentive. Waiters serving food were not acquainted with the knowhow of serving customers. While only few customers highly recommended restaurant service by point staffs to be amazingly attentive. Feedback from some senior employees doubted recruitment system of organization as it lacks in employing right people with the right fit for job. Persons not having experience in customer services are hired and these results in poor tangibles of restaurant business (Dabholkar, 2015). Moreover, the infrastructural facilities of restaurant and can accommodate only sixty people in one particular time. Responsiveness- It is about willingness of service providers to provide customers with prompt service and help when they require by properly assisting them. Waiters and ground staffs of Al Dente are not responsiveness as evaluated from employees and customer feedback. Lack of communication between the evening team and day managers left customers annoyed. This disappointed the customers because of lack of coordination made them unclear about the pre paid and the amount to be paid by customers (Teo, 2017). This made employees appear unresponsiveness to customers. On other hand, one feedback by particular customers viewed that staffs were amazingly attentive and they took efforts to meticulously explain every items presented on the dish. Employees provided feedback that staffs did not have experience in creating guest experience as the empowerment and trust policy of management did not provide guidance on creating such experience (Grenha et al., 2017). Assurance- This particular dimension deals with the courtesy and knowledge of employees so that they are capable of inspiring confidence and trust among employees. Al Dente entrusts customers with immaculate service, but with increasing competitors in the restaurant industry this particular service standard is perceived to be slipping. Feedback from employees suggests that there exist some personality conflicts between Evening manger and day managers that leads to lack of inspiration and trust among employees. Gap between employees acts as barriers in getting suitable suggestions from the management of restaurant (Calabretta et al., 2016). Empathy- Empathy is about understanding and providing service to customers individually. Caring for customers and giving them, adequate attention on individual basis is the empathy dimension of service quality model. Al Dente lacks in this particular dimension and the reason is attributable to existing flaws in the recruitment and training and employee development system. There exist apparent difference between expected delivery on art of each employees and training provides and resources available. Creativity and motivation of employees is limited by the prevalence of bureaucracy in restaurant (Fargnoli et al. 2014). Analysis and identification of existing service management strategies: The existing service management strategies of Al Dente can be analyzed and identified by the application of the concept of fish bone analysis that helps in establishing cause an effect relationship. Fish bone analysis is a tool for analyzing the process of business and its effectiveness (Dehury Sahoo, 2016). Several factors in the service process of restaurant might be related to cause and effect. The inside picture of particular issue faced by restaurant is revealed using fish bone analysis. All the factors that lead to poor performance of restaurant are considered. Referring to the given case study, fish bone analysis is done for the potential situation such as complaints of customers. Fish bone analysis of issues faced by restaurant: (Source: Created by author) The major problems faced by Al Dente is associated with its service and quality standard. Fish bone analysis is employed for ascertaining the factors that are making restaurant inefficient in serving quality food to their customers. It has been analyzed from the case study that the operation process of restaurant is quite inefficient in terms of food served and service given by waiters (Grant et al., 2016). The evaluation of the service standard of restaurant is done into categories such as personnel, food quality, poor facilities, equipment, procedures and others. Poor infrastructural facilities- The restaurant is opened only for two meal periods and can accommodate only sixty persons at a time. This means that if more than sixty customers visit at a time, they need to wait for until one table service is completed. Customer feedback provided that, they had to wait for an hour for getting a table and waiting list was the most annoying factors among the customers. It is essential for restaurant to enhance their infrastructure to ensure high rate of table turnover at a given point of time (Lert et al., 2015). Procedures- The procedures are poorly executed that leads to increased waiting time for customers and late arrival of food on table. Poor execution of the procedures is attributable to the factors such as lack of specification, higher cost and faulty ordering system. Hiring system of employees is doubtful, as there is a difference between training and resources provided to employees and managers expectation from such staff members (Radnor Bateman, 2016). Therefore, there is fault in the recruitment process of restaurant. Recruitment system of restaurant should be revised and coordination among staffs should be promoted by eliminating existing conflicts. Personnel- The quality of service delivered by restaurant is completely dependent upon employees and personnel of restaurant. Employees do not behave in professional way and lack experience in customer service (Haddad et al., 2014). Staffs are enthusiastic and friendly but they are not efficient. It has been found from the feedback provided by customers that staffs were not able to deliver service as expected by them and employees feedback depicted that ground staffs pain when confronted and cannot answer properly when customers asked something different. Moreover, there exist personality conflict between evening team manager and day manager. There is a lack of employee orientation and relationship between employees (Magsanoc, 2016). Equipment- Inefficient table service due to unavailability of space and poor maintenance of service areas (Eggert et al., 2014). Moreover, management of restaurant is not able to acquire and maintain proper equipment. It has been found that restaurant lacks technical support and there is lack of facilities for managing of the available equipment. Food quality- The quality of food served by restaurant often receives complains in terms of oily and dry foods served. Moreover, price charged for the foods served to customers is not worthy with majority of customers mentioning the same point. It is perceived by customers that foods are overpriced with the flavors ranked on average. Customers experienced bad service regarding adding wrong foods and forgetting of placing orders (Elmualim Gilder, 2014). Others- Other problems that have been outlined in the case study is associated with arrogant behavior of ground staffs with the customers and lack of communication among different staff members. Management is not supportive enough to make ground staffs comfortable and they are made to work long hours and are paid below average. All these factors make staffs lose their motivation and enthusiastic about work. Recommendation of new service management strategies: For making improvement in customer service and experience, Al Dente is required to modify their existing service strategies or they should develop their strategies of managing their services. Various ways can be used by restaurant to develop new strategies. In the current scenario, restaurant is facing challenge in terms of maintaining their service quality and the poor feedback from customers regarding the quality of food and behavior of employees. Al Dente is required to measure and monitor the customer service and this would incorporate feedback from customers by identification of service gaps. Employees play a very crucial role in delivering service to employees and staffs of Al Dente are Al Dente not motivated enough and lacks experience (Radnor Bateman, 2016). Therefore, appropriate strategies should be taken for motivating and managing service providers. Effectiveness communication should be established among ground staffs and middle level managers and between other teams. Some of the strategies that can be used by organization for establishment of communication are conducting annual meetings, briefing by managers, video conferences, company newsletter, informal and regular discussion with the leaders. Employees should be involved in performance management. This would enable them to participate in the decision making process. Levels of employee discretion should be properly enabled and defined. There are three types of employee discretion that can be used by organization such as routine discretion, creative discretion and deviant discretion. Empowerment and discretion comes with many benefits such as it will assist employees in providing autonomy n their daily task, increasing confidence, self esteem and promoting a culture of management support. Mechanical organizational structure should be used in traditional teams for increasing efficiency (Gronroos, 2016). Employees should focus on dimensions of their core job by using motivational approach for servicing role design. Other strategy that can be used by Al Dente is the proposing the establishment of service quality and customer satisfaction relationship. This would comprise of proposition of two relationships. Customer satisfaction in hospitality industry is affected by service quality. One of the key operational variable of satisfying is customer service (Reason et al., 2015). Overall perception of service of organization is service quality. Therefore, organization should formulate the above strategies for improving the standard of service quality and increase satisfaction of customers. Conclusion: From the analysis of the given case of hypothetical company, Al Dente, it can be inferred that operations of service and strategies adopted by management is not appropriate for increasing customer satisfactions. Application of service quality model on the operations of restaurant business depicts that the service is not reliable enough and they lack adequate infrastructural facilities. Poor service quality is attributable to many factors associated with the management strategies such as recruitment process and empowerment program of employees. Employees feedback provides with inexperienced ground floor staffs and customers complained about poor quality of foods and higher price. The developed strategies for establishment of relationship between customer satisfaction relationship and service quality will help in addressing the challenges that are faced by organization in the current scenario. Another strategy appointed concerns improvement in empowerment program, adoption of mechanica l organizational structure and employee discretion. This would help overcoming the challenges faced by restaurant in service delivery. References list: Arvola, M., Holmlid, S. (2016, May). Service design ways to value-in-use. In Service Design Geographies. Proceedings of the ServDes. 2016 Conference (No. 125, pp. 530-536). Linkping University Electronic Press. Berry, L. L., Parasuraman, A., Zeithmal, A. (1985). A Conceptual Model Of Service Quality and Its Implications for Future Research. Journal Of Marketing, 49, 41- 50 Bihamta, H., Jayashree, S., Rezaei, S., Okumus, F., Rahimi, R. (2017). Dual pillars of hotel restaurant food quality satisfaction and brand loyalty. British Food Journal, 119(12), 2597-2609. Calabretta, G., De Lille, C., Beck, C., Tanghe, J. (2016, May). Service Design for Effective Servitization and New Service Implementation. In Service Design Geographies. Proceedings of the ServDes. 2016 Conference (No. 125, pp. 91-104). Linkping University Electronic Press. Dabholkar, P. A. (2015). How to improve perceived service quality by increasing customer participation. InProceedings of the 1990 academy of marketing science (AMS) annual conference(pp. 483-487). Springer, Cham. Dehury, C. K., Sahoo, P. K. (2016). Design and implementation of a novel service management framework for IoT devices in cloud. Journal of Systems and Software, 119, 149-161. Eggert, A., Hogreve, J., Ulaga, W., Muenkhoff, E. (2014). Revenue and profit implications of industrial service strategies. Journal of Service Research, 17(1), 23-39. Elmualim, A., Gilder, J. (2014). BIM: innovation in design management, influence and challenges of implementation. Architectural Engineering and design management, 10(3-4), 183-199 Fargnoli, M., De Minicis, M., Tronci, M. (2014). Design Management for Sustainability: An integrated approach for the development of sustainable products. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 34, 29-45. Grant, E. H. C., Muths, E. L., Katz, R. A., Canessa, S., Adams, M. J., Ballard, J. R., ... Harris, M. C. (2016). Salamander chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans) in the United StatesDeveloping research, monitoring, and management strategies (No. 2015-1233). US Geological Survey. Grenha Teixeira, J., Patrcio, L., Huang, K. H., Fisk, R. P., Nbrega, L., Constantine, L. (2017). The MINDS method: Integrating management and interaction design perspectives for service design. Journal of Service Research, 20(3), 240-258. Gronroos, C. (2016). Service Management and Marketing: Managing the Service Profit Logic. John Wiley Sons. Haddad, P. M., Brain, C., Scott, J. (2014). Nonadherence with antipsychotic medication in schizophrenia: challenges and management strategies. Patient Related Outcome Measures, 5, 43 Lert Jr, J. G., Brouhard, J., Bam, A. R. (2015). U.S. Patent No. 9,064,359. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Magsanoc, M. (2016). BENCHMARKING SERVICE QUALITY AMONG QUICK-SERVICE RESTAURANTS TOWARDS SERVICE INNOVATION (Doctoral dissertation, University of Santo Tomas Orel, F. D., Kara, A. (2014). Supermarket self-checkout service quality, customer satisfaction, and loyalty: Empirical evidence from an emerging market.Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services,21(2), 118-129. Radnor, Z., Bateman, N. (2016). Debate: The development of a new disciplinepublic service operations management. Public Money Management, 36(4), 246-248. Reason, B., Lvlie, L., Flu, M. B. (2015). Service design for business: A practical guide to optimizing the customer experience. John Wiley Sons. Teo, T. H. (2017). A Very Short Capstone Project Design Management and Design Tactics. GSTF Journal on Education (JEd), 4(2). Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15797667117284692051noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2332910829646206547.post-40358260747341317832020-04-17T19:38:00.001-07:002020-04-17T19:38:04.137-07:00What You Should Do About Steroid Research Paper Topics Starting in the Next Six Minutes What You Should Do About Steroid Research Paper Topics Starting in the Next Six Minutes The Basic Facts of Steroid Research Paper Topics If you are searching for top essay writing companies, try out the mentioned above. You will need to assemble facts and ideas from number of sources and then you've got to skillfully interweave your own ideas and suggestions to generate a research paper. Ultimately, if you compose a conclusion for your research paper bearing in mind all these points then you will certainly find your readers to acquire the advantages and learn a lot from your research. Since you can see there are a lot of topics which can be related to sports research papers, which means you can select the direction and make your own paper on a narrowed topic. Vital Pieces of Steroid Research Paper Topics You then attempt to put forward the argument and have a stance on the subject. A conclusion is, without a doubt, the most crucial portion of the argumentative essay since you can either support the great impression or destroy it entirely. The steroids have an overall characteristic of virilization and the debut of masculinity within the body. The reasons might be absolutely different. You can opt for research paper writing services to find appropriate guidance. There is a great deal of information that can be found from an assortment of resources, like the Mayo Clinic and Johns Hopkins websites. Hence, if you believe banking essays are boring just like your company studies are, then you're probably wrong here. You may continue to keep your argumentative essays for your upcoming job portfolio in case they're highly graded. The majority of them are designed particularly for children and teenagers, and my students have found them tremendously helpful. Everybody has a different way they research so the right way to research differs for everybody. Therefore, for your convenience, you have a superb chance to monitor the advancement of the assigned wr iter and make sure an essay will be ready in a timely method. As a consequence, such students start looking for the best essay help to be certain that their project is going to be produced at the maximal level in accord with all academic standards. The Basics of Steroid Research Paper Topics In the event the practical considerations connected with your research ideas are unrealistic, you must consider whether you're eager to modify or reconsider your undertaking. Clearly, you won't have the ability to compose a research paper if sufficient information regarding the subject isn't offered. Whilst in the research paper your primary goal is to develop your own wisdom and explore what other researchers know about the subject in question. A suitable review of recent publications can help you develop an argument. Just take an entire review of your work once you've done with that. It is possible to also indicate the way the findings of your research can perform a role for your readers. Lets look at the way you can easily compose a last year research project which makes a distinction. Much like the research writing the choice of the research topic is a difficult matter to do. New Ideas Into Steroid Research Paper Topics Never Before Revealed You should select a discussion idea that's unique, and intriguing. Following that, you may gradually enter the principal topic. Most importantly, you need to be specific about choosing your topic. So select the topic that you're passionate about, and do it! For instance, you might find there are 3 sub-topics under the very first principal topic that you want to discuss, which means you will create sub-headings for them. As long since it is associated with your distinct region of study, it ought to be guaranteed to be the correct topic for you. The fundamental step is to decide on a topic that interests you. After you select the topic, there are a couple steps which you can follow to compose a research paper. Your research paper could cover related topics like injury prevention, aftercare and the kinds of injuries that are particular to every form of sport. The next unfavorable effect due to overcrowding on inmates is behavioral difficulties. Much of the info on steroid usage is from questionnaires,'' Keitz states. There's a high risk a range of spectators could possibly be tempted to blanket condemn all players as using steroids. Vital Pieces of Steroid Research Paper Topics Once you've discovered a great good book or essay th at is related to the topic that you're writing about then you're golden, make certain you make notes on that so that it is possible to refer to them later once you want to compose your paper or article. Conclusion Here the guide will conclude by conveying the use of the decision of the essay. Don't forget, research is the thing that makes an essay stick out among other essays. When you start writing your essay you'll have all info you should make accurate direct quotations. Internet, which is a much less costly way to receive information, provides a wide selection of research material, but there's not any guarantee of its exactness or authenticity. Within 30 days, you'll have implemented a strong advertising strategy. You desire some expert advice on selecting an acceptable research area. If you would like to get high excellent research and thesis papers punctually and for a sensible price, you should probably try out using EssaySupply.com. Whether there are any principal limitations of your work, you're able to also mention this in brief within the introduction. Students are prepared to commit a typical mistake of incorporating irrelevant detail. There is an assortment of approaches it is possible to think of when it has to do with conducting a research and documenting it. The research is still valid although you are now conscious of the increased size and intricacy of the problem. Reading, history books or things on the net, in limitless quantities, to obtain what it is you are looking for. It's so common actually, it's known as the national pastime of america because of the tradition and popularity connected with the game. To academies the probabilities of distraction it's possible to take aid from Research Paper writing Services In USA. So you won't be short of research material from even the most fundamental of places like daily newspapers. Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15797667117284692051noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2332910829646206547.post-59038074227359643152020-04-15T23:21:00.001-07:002020-04-15T23:21:03.452-07:00Is it dangerous for Politics to define Science Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15797667117284692051noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2332910829646206547.post-75898903422667147422020-04-14T20:53:00.001-07:002020-04-14T20:53:04.157-07:00Accounting Topics For Research PaperAccounting Topics For Research PaperAccounting topics for research paper should be easy and interesting enough for you to do well. Also, it should not be too advanced.Let's face it, starting with a topic that has not been done before is probably a bad idea. You might find that the subject is more complicated than you are able to handle. At that point, you will probably just find yourself getting frustrated. The good news is that accounting topics for research paper are available for you to choose from.First, you need to make sure that you get a couple of good books on the subject. Just pick up one or two and put them in your home library. Read the books in a couple of times so that you have them down cold so you can grab a quick review during breaks between projects.Next, you need to begin compiling your notes. There are two ways to do this. One way is to sit down and carefully outline all of the points you want to cover, and the other way is to write everything down as you go throug h.The second option is better for a good research paper. However, if you are planning on drafting this information for an exam, you might want to stick with the first option. In any case, take notes on anything that comes to mind during your research. This will help you remember the material better.Once you have gathered all of your notes, you will need to break down the topics into their main body. This will involve breaking them down into subtopics. At this point, you might want to write a rough outline. At this point, you can start drafting the important parts of the paper.After you have broken the material down into its main body, it is time to move on to the next step, which is basic research. At this point, you are going to need to know the numbers you need to research. Simply take a look at any accounting course you take, and you will find that most courses do not go into much detail about the matter.So, simply take a look at the basics of accounting, and you will probably al ready know enough to begin. If you cannot find a basic accounting course in your university, then you should know that you can probably find a book that goes into great detail about the subject. You can also find some really good books on the subject at the local library. Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15797667117284692051noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2332910829646206547.post-52554011531718342162020-04-12T20:15:00.001-07:002020-04-12T20:15:03.945-07:00Achieving Sociological Research PapersAchieving Sociological Research PapersSociology research papers are very important to include in your program as they are very crucial for making certain that you are successful in your academic program. It is not uncommon for students to struggle with the level of writing they have to do and in fact, this is a large part of the reason why it is not the most popular major for undergraduates. Unfortunately, a lack of success means that you may not get into the field of sociology as you may have imagined.The level of sociological research papers you will need to prepare can vary greatly. Some will be a lot easier than others but will all fall within a reasonable range of difficulty. You should prepare sociology research papers that are not too challenging and need to be readable and well-organized. Most students struggle with the problems that arise from writing for their sociology program, even if they believe that it is something they would enjoy doing in their spare time.Typically, it is necessary to include sociological research papers in your curriculum vitae. Your CV is what is most people are going to see when they view your application to be hired for a job at a university or college. In order to make the application stand out from the rest, you will need to write a good CV in which your sociological experiences are included.There are numerous reasons why it is necessary to include sociological research papers in your CV. They are often what will make a school or program interested in you as a prospective graduate student. An application to be in a graduate program will be more difficult to write if they know that you will need to incorporate this section of your CV.You may also find that this part of your CV is quite helpful in demonstrating that you have already done some great set of research papers. Another thing to remember is that a good sociological research paper will be easy to read and a simple read to write as well. With this in mind, you need to include things that will speak to your students about the student and about yourself.Take the time to consider why your students want to know more about what you did and why they should consider you as a source of information. It is a good idea to have a short note section in your CV. The note area will be filled in with information about your goals and what you hope to gain from the sociological study of a certain field.This note section will contain things such as what you hope to accomplish by doing sociological research papers. You will also want to state why you think this research will be beneficial to students as well as which programs you have conducted your study in. This type of information can be easily obtained through your sociology program website and therefore, your students will not have to go anywhere to get the information they are seeking.You can include a synopsis of your sociological research papers in your application materials, if this is something that you feel is necessary. You will be required to submit all of these documents to the admissions office in order to be considered for admission to your program. If you are planning on applying for your sociology program in the future, then you may want to consider preparing additional forms. Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15797667117284692051noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2332910829646206547.post-70418997802334606172020-04-10T19:37:00.001-07:002020-04-10T19:37:04.473-07:00Tips to Help You Come Up With the Most Important Things in College EssayTips to Help You Come Up With the Most Important Things in College EssayI have a hunch that the most important things in college essay are no longer really relevant in this day and age of instant information, email, online journals, instant updates, social networking and instant communication. In fact, with all the information flooding in your life, I think it is going to be quite a challenge for you to find out what the main point of the essay is and to help you write your own essay.Well, the main topic should be something that you really care about and remember as one that you would be proud of in the end. In most cases, the main topic should be the topic that interests you most. There should be no question as to what is the main point of the essay.Another tip that you can use to help you with your main topic is to make sure that you fully understand your main topic. If you feel that your topic is not clear, you will need to make sure that you try and make sure that you get it all written and then edit the essay yourself and edit it yourself. This will give you the feel that you know what you are talking about and will help you in the editing phase. One of the best ways that I have found is by reading through your essay and then finding out if there are any areas where you could not get the information.Make sure that you stay on the main topic and not stray too far from it. Also, remember that when you are trying to write your essay, if you have any specific questions that you want answered, don't forget to ask these.Some students are concerned about how they can differentiate themselves in their college essay and this can be done by taking a look at the rest of the essay. Just take a look at the rest of the essay and see if there are any issues that you feel you should be addressing in the rest of the essay.A last tip that I have for you to remember is to think of your main topic and make sure that it is something that will intrigue the reader. This will giv e you a better opportunity to actually be able to get your point across rather than writing an essay with no points and no proof.Hopefully, these tips will help you come up with the most important things in college essay for you. Remember that an essay can be considered as the most important part of your college education and writing a well-written essay is just as important as knowing what the main topic is. Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15797667117284692051noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2332910829646206547.post-12047489168716299652020-03-12T22:52:00.001-07:002020-03-12T22:52:02.118-07:00Field Project essaysField Project essays (1) The vast array of flashy shops and trendy restaurants, preceding the Newark Shopping Center, make up the second definite commercial landscape of East Main Street. The second landscape which includes a jamboree of barbershops, pizza kitchens, and flower boutiques begins close to the bike shop, which neighbors the outdated railroad tracks, and ends near the Main Street Galleria. This shopping area provides ease and sufficiency to the town of Newark by catering to every individuals needs. The third commercial landscape that Main Street is home to, can be recognized towards the end of the street. Before the two lane road splits, a number of buildings can be seen that serve a different function. By remodeling and building, the University of Delaware has transformed this area into a functional part of the campus where students can meet with one another, hold activities, and get advisement on their route to their degree. The College of Arts and Science, the Trabant, and various other campus buildings can all be found in this area. (2) Two medium sized brick houses lay side by side just east of the Vision Center of Newark. Although both look fairly weathered and aged, the one to the far left has been recently face lifted. Bright green window shutters and new doors were added to freshen up the look of this business office. The house in its entirety is still prominent, but its purpose today is different than that of many years ago. Besides a few home improvements, the house closer to the vision center has been left untouched. It, unlike the house on the right, does not seem to function as a business. The structure of both houses suggests that they were well suited for the colder parts of the year. A chimney to keep warm, a basement for lost of storage, and an attic accompany the two main floors. (3) While walking down Main Street not many great architectural buildings catch the eye, but one that does is St. Johns R.C. Chur... Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15797667117284692051noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2332910829646206547.post-12796118993331098962020-02-25T13:18:00.001-08:002020-02-25T13:18:03.251-08:00Gary S Becker's A treatise on the family Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 wordsGary S Becker's A treatise on the family - Essay Example As such, the purpose of this brief analysis is to review and comment on some of the key themes and ideas that have been put forward by Becker and seek how they maintain a relevant and pertinent quality within the current economic system. Furthermore, the basic premise put forward by the author with relation to the fact that the family represents a microcosm of the larger national and international economies will be further analyzed. Regardless of oneââ¬â¢s political persuasion, it is without doubt that the family is one of the primary social constructs upon which society is based. Without families (either as an abstract concept or a more traditional one) society itself could not and would not perpetuate itself. As such, understanding the unique dynamics with relation to these most basic and integral building blocks of our world is one of primal importance. Within this vein, the author goes on to describe key elements of social and economic interactions, both within and without of the family. These include the discussions relating to single person households, sexual division of labor, need/demand for children, intergenerational mobility, and the general trends that have been developing over the past few years with relation to the evolution of the family. A full analysis of each theme that Becker has brought to attention with regards to the economic effect on the family unit and the economy as a whole would require a much larger work than such a brief paper can offer. It is necessary to point out the unique way in which the author demonstrates the aforementioned points that help to nuance and develop the way individual economies and macro economies behave. What is interesting and laudable about Beckerââ¬â¢s analysis is that he begins it with what many would consider to be the weakest link in his analysis: single person households. In this way, rather than seeking to Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15797667117284692051noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2332910829646206547.post-69544820007685560842020-02-09T06:06:00.001-08:002020-02-09T06:06:02.362-08:00ISO 14644 FOR AN IAP CLEAN ROOM CLASS 8 IN RESPECT OF 0.5 UM PARTICLES EssayISO 14644 FOR AN IAP CLEAN ROOM CLASS 8 IN RESPECT OF 0.5 UM PARTICLES - Essay Example Several items must be taken into consideration when approaching the use of a cleanroom. First, air is an extremely important item to take a close look at. The air that is coming into a cleanroom must be filtered in order to get rid of dust, while at the same time, the air inside the cleanroom must be recirculated through high efficiency particulate air (also known as HEPA) and/or through the use of an ultra low penetration air (ULPA) filter in order to get rid of contaminants that can be created internally. Furthermore, in order to control any other possible contaminants that may enter, those working in the cleanroom must leave through airlocks (which sometimes also forces an air shower), along with protective clothing. Within the cleanroom, the equipment has been made to create minimal air contamination. These include the use of specialized mops and buckets. The furniture that can be found within the cleanroom also gathers a very minimal amount of particles and is easy to clean. How ever, cleanrooms are not sterile, as much of the attention here is focused on airborne particles. These levels can often be tested through the use of a particle counter (Particle Measuring Systems, 2009). In order to avoid a disruptive air leak, many cleanrooms contain items that keep them at positive pressure. This means that if there are any leaks, the air will leak out of the chamber instead of bringing in any air that might not have been filtered. To further control air, some cleanroom systems will keep humidity to very low levels. This is done often to make sure that there are no electrostatic, or ESD problems. These EST controls are also referred to as ionizers (Clearn Room Forum, n.d.). Cleanrooms are generally given their status based on the number and size of particles allowed per the volume of air. Numbers that are typically larger, like "class 100," are usually referred to by FED-STD-209E, and denote particle number at a size of 0.5um or larger, depending on the cubic foot of air. Smaller numbers refer to ISP 14644-1 standards, and these focus on the decimal logarithm of the number of particles 0.1um or larger permitted per cubic metre of air (Clean Room Certification Standards, 2009). Thus, a class 8 cleanroom has at most 108 = 100,000 particles per m.Cleanrooms in both categories of FS209E and ISO 14644-1 both have log-log relationships that take place concernint particle size and particle concentration. Therefore, a "zero" count in particle concentration is not existent. Because 1 m equals about 35 ft, both standards are mostly equal when measuring 0.5 m particles, although the testing standards differ. Ordinary room air is approximately class 1,000,000 or I SO 9 (Federal Standards, 2009). Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15797667117284692051noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2332910829646206547.post-25058148524098330972020-02-08T19:51:00.001-08:002020-02-08T19:51:03.475-08:00Writing an Essay for American IssuesWriting an Essay for American IssuesTo write an essay for American Issues, you have a choice of reading the topics and looking up information on the internet. You may also need a program to create your own topics or think about using topics found online. There are a variety of websites out there where you can find a list of topics or go to your favorite search engine and search for topics. For this method to work, you'll need to know what you are looking for.Since the topic is American Issues, you might need a degree in geography or history. This may be the case if you have spent time traveling around the United States or even abroad. This is important because geography is one of the main areas covered by the topic. If you are writing as a student, geography is essential to the topic. The topics you will need to include must have some link to geography or should be relevant to the topic at hand.The main things to include in the topics is your opinion about the topic. A good way to ke ep your opinions straight is to write an essay titled 'The Truth About My Opinion on _____'. Here you will include any opinions you have regarding certain aspects of the topic, how it affects you and others and any background information you can provide.Another thing to consider when writing about American Issues is the world view of the reader. While having an opinion is always important, you do not want to lose the ability to speak for yourself. The topic should cover things like the United States and the world, other nations and issues of importance to you personally and this can be included in the topic.If you choose a list of topics that are known by most, there are options you have. It may be to include topics you have never heard of or to find a list of topics that pertain to you and your interests. Another option is to come up with topics based on topics you have heard of or researched.One of the more important aspects to remember when writing about American Issues is the le ngth of the essay. The essays you will write need to be lengthier than a two page report on any topic you know. The reason for this is because you want to come up with topics that will address the entire topic and the essays should not run too long.When writing for American Issues, you have several options available. You can use a topic you have researched yourself or you can look for topics in the search engines and read articles to help you along. Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15797667117284692051noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2332910829646206547.post-4206014186983669942020-02-06T19:13:00.001-08:002020-02-06T19:13:03.048-08:00Where to Find College Essay Prompts Virginia Where to Find College Essay Prompts Virginia The principal idea or intent of the letter needs to be stated in the very first paragraph. Next, think of how you should organize the info. Think beyond the box as you answer the next questions. All four questions are required for an entire application. The Argument About College Essay Prompts Virginia The absolute most important task is to decide on an intriguing topic that's entertaining for the audience and also informative. Don't offer a whole summary of your historydescribing something more fully will resonate more than attempting to cram a great deal of experiences into a comparatively brief essay. After you believe you have selected a topic, keep researching on it to be able to narrow it down and find a notion of what you're going to write about. Pick a distinctive topic that others may not think of, and whatever you select, make sure that you know a lot about it! At times, the quotes of famous people are able to enhanc e your essay. If you might have integrated the writings of somebody else without seeing, you are going to have the ability to discover them and rephrase them in order to take out any traces of plagiarism ahead of handing your essay in. Two new essay options are added, and a number of the previous questions are revised. Be sure you connect the significance of the activity to a particular experience or story to provide the essay direction. The structure of the essay stays the exact same generally in the majority of the sorts of essays. You might even have the time to rewrite the essay entirely, so that it is possible to enhance its content and visual appeal. If you are aware of what they wish to and what they are searching for then you may begin your essay with a how to tip. An essay includes five paragraphs generally. The Tried and True Method for College Essay Prompts Virginia in Step by Step Detail Leaders can emerge in numerous situations at any particular time, including outside the school experience. Consider your thoughts and aspirations and describe how a Cornell Engineering education would permit you to leverage technological problem-solving to enhance the world we dwell in. Colleges are seeking a feeling of maturity and introspectionpinpoint the transformation and demonstrate your private growth. Pay close attention whenever your professor offers you specific details about an approaching exam. Unive rsity of Virginia is among the most popular and respected public universities in the United States, so much so it's regarded among the Public Ivy League Universities. Instead, concentrate on the info your professor emphasizes. For instance, he will see that you have carried out good research. Ok, I Think I Understand College Essay Prompts Virginia, Now Tell Me About College Essay Prompts Virginia! For instance, when you experience any substantial degree of succeeding in life or do things differently, you're going to get people put you down or tell you you are unable to succeed. Perhaps right now you're trying to enter the school that you dream about. There isn't a prompt to steer you, which means you must ask yourself the questions that will get at the center of the story you would like to tell. Seek out help, but know you have the very first and last say. Our premium plans provide different amount of profile access and data insights that could allow you to get into your dre am school. In case the opening lines aren't bright then the reader is more inclined to discontinue your paper. Neatly make insertions if you've left out important details. The important thing here isn't to decide on the most intriguing word, it's to get the most meaningful and memorable experience to back this up. Life After College Essay Prompts Virginia So, you obtain a college essay help coherent inside a fast period of time! One of the greatest approaches to boost your likelihood of admissions is by writing great UVA essays as a piece of your application. College essay help are joyful for being prepared to supply assistance with dissertation writing, term paper assistance and college essay help for your private remedy to academic excellence. Individual schools sometimes need supplemental essays. Any student, no matter their degree of writing, can make use of these tools to generate a college admission essay that you will receive in the college that you dream about. Within this area of the essay, the students have to reiterate the principal topic of the essay. They just have to focus on the main theme of the essay and then decide which opening line to be used for the essay. Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15797667117284692051noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2332910829646206547.post-44276663679085459782020-02-05T08:48:00.001-08:002020-02-05T08:48:03.939-08:00The Basic Facts of Form 5 Essay Writing The Basic Facts of Form 5 Essay Writing Top Form 5 Essay Writing Secrets If, despite study and excellent intentions, you can't seem to receive your essay written, or even started, you need to let your tutor know whenever possible. So should you need to employ college essay writer online, we're just the people that you will need to contact. Students are requested to explain, comment on, or assess a subject of study in the shape of an essay. Today, most college students find it difficult to compose an essay on a specific topic. You merely helped your readers find a book on sale via an author they may not know! Custom writing means a critical company with high standards. Readers don't wish to get long emails. Registering for a completely free eBook is a very low risk action for a visitor to your site, thus the landing page doesn't have to be as extensive so long as it captures helpful details about them for future use in your CRM. The Nuiances of Form 5 Essay Writing While it's the case that there are a few excellent writers in college some find it extremely tricky to write. Regardless of what genre you would like Business Studies, Microeconomics, Business Management and Financial Accounting, we're here to serve your needs. Together with the UK Essay Help undergraduates cannot be concerned about the time but delight in a complete life. Order top-notch essay at the moment and certified specialists will do their very best to supply you with higher quality at fair price. You are able to check the address in internet Maps. Whenever you make the signup form, don't forget to keep it short. The very best part is that you are able to benefit! Ultimately, however, remember that fantastic writing doesn't happen by accident. It's quite simple to use in addition to self explanatory. On-time shipping guarantee You will get your research paper even before you're the necessary moment. You're able to easily depend on us to find essay help as we have a tendency to assist and guide the students with the assistance of our professional experts. For quite a few reasons, students can't always complete their assignments in time or with the degree of quality they should earn the grades they want. So far as the students are involved, writing a research paper is among the toughest and frustrating job in their opinion. Other students write the introduction after they've written the principal body of the essay do whatever feels right for you as well as the bit of work you're writing. Now you can get genuine college essay online, one that is going to fit your financial plan and get your work done too. You will love our work. When you realise that the time isn't enough, you start to work more productively. If it's so, then you'll be having some challenging time for a student in addition to being a writer. The Good, the Bad and Form 5 Essay Writing The largest thing about writing a newsletter is you don't need to write much in any way. Next you would like to consider developing your topic. In case you're indecisive to pay a person to compose your essay, explore other facets of our websites or contact our support team for any extra guidelines. Before you begin, there are a couple of things you have to know about writing an essay. Our writers always create unique content that is absolutely free from all grammatical error. So it is necessary to organize your ideas and content. After the content is kept easy and short, it could result in an effective method of driving conversions. Sooner or later, you want to begin writing your 5 paragraph essay! Ultimately, the previous sentence of the very first paragraph of this kind of essay would state the thesis the author is attempting to prove. Though the conclusion it comes at the end of your essay it should not be seen as an afterthought. Every one of the body paragraphs of your writing is going to be filled with all the required evidence and processed diligently! As soon as you have gathered ideas on this issue, you must properly place your thoughts into words. You're going to want to know about the subject. If you're given the subject, you ought to think about the sort of paper that you need to produce. You could have your topic assigned, or you could be given free reign to write on the topic of your pick. Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15797667117284692051noreply@blogger.com0