Health promotion Essay

The 21st century poses vast ch aloneenges for public wellness, with environmental threats, cultural diversity and an ever aging population. The role of wellness onward motion is as important as ever, within this assignment I ordain look at the issues we face and the techniques employ to alter public perception and conduct. One commentary widely highlighted from the introduction wellness Organisation states that health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well creation (WHO 1947). This definition encompasses the indicators of poor health but does seem to view health as something that is quite conventional and static. This can be contrasted to a definition from Parsons who defines health as the state of optimum capacity for an undivided for the stiff performance of the roles and tasks for which they have been socialised (Parsons 1971). Here we be viewing health as something maintained to the standard needed for us to perform our carriagestyles. wellness promot ion is of great apprehension not only for the NHS but to a fault many other groups that are involved in health mission such as social, environmental and welfare practices. At its core is the designing of empowering case-by-cases and communities to allow greater verify of their health by providing information, education and support. variable methods and strategies are pulmonary tuberculosisd to depart large numbers perceptions of health, with the aim of running(a) toward the creation of affectionateer communities and improved future health for all. The health belief stupefy emphasises the function of beliefs and perceptions in human decision making. Originally developed by Rosenstock in 1966 it looks to predict patterns in health behaviour, such as w light-headedingness to share in vaccinations and act upon health advice. It declares that the factors that g everyplacen an individual changing their behaviour are based around an assessmentof how feasible change is and the b enefits provided. It puts send the idea that concourse need relevance or a instauration to initiate decision making (Naidoo, Wills 1994). This model incorporates Banduras concept of self-efficacy. This suggests that an individual must believe they have the capability and insight to see an intend behaviour change through (Bandura 1991).The authority model seeks to expand the individuals capability to control their own health. This model facilitates a incline toward change by building an individuals sense of deserving and identity, allowing them to indentify their own health concerns (Naidoo, Wills 1994). It aims to develop decision making and problem resolving skills, giving the individual the tools needed to see changes through with independent ruling and action. This model can be very effective for young people who sometimes struggle to make independent decisions and are susceptible to consort and environmental pressures. thither is a strong relationship between exercisin g and health. The main negative being occupational ill health, this can be an issue for many people give-up the ghosting within manual cheat roles, as well as people working in nerve-wracking high pressure environments. Its shown that having little or no control over work processes and being in lower positions can afford to ill health (Marmot et al 2006). Unemployment is of a greater risk to ill health than employment, moving people into work can be seen as a health promotion in its own right. Employment brings higher(prenominal) living standards, more(prenominal) disposable income, improved confidence and wellbeing. Gender is calm a large determinant, men generally work in more manual roles and take poorer care of their health overall. Loosing work can in reality double the risk of a middle aged man dying within the following five years. Evidently there are strong links between employment and mens wellbeing. Men over the age of 65 are also three and a half(prenominal) tim es more at risk of developing coronary perfume disease than women (DH, 1998). Mens life expectancy still send backs so-and-so that of women and within Europe there are large inequalities in life expectancy. These differences are greatest in men, where as the difference between the trump and worst countingries for male life expectancy is 17 years, for women it is 12 (BBC, 2013). distinctly there are health inequalities within gender that need to be addressed.The promotional campaign stoptober is clearly targeted toward working classes the majority of the subjects pictured are in uniforms that are associated with lower paid roles. There is evidence tosuggest that smoking related deaths are higher amongst poorer social classes (ASH, 2006). The branding used is very simple and appeals to peoples logic through the use think, note making and goals toward quitting. This appeals to the individual and gives a greater sense of empowerment and personal involvement in the process of creat ing change. The campaign seems to utilise the stages of change model, the process is broken down into stages and encourages involvement in the planning process. ab initio encouraging the participant to write down why they are fetching part (contemplation) and then take part in a planning process (preparing to change) along with accepting extra support (Prochaska, DiClemente 1992). Evidence from studies shows that when people are involved in a planning process there is a higher probability they will succeed (McLeod, Clark 1993).There is no mention of the harms of smoking and shock play are not used. raising awareness of the dangers is clearly not enough and more personal tactics are used. With addictive habits highlighting the negative consequences does not seem to benefactor create behavioural change, clearly short term gratification is a greater incentive than long term harm (Nanidoo, Wills, 1996, pg 182). There is a very collaborative feel behind the promotional material with comments analogous youre not in this alone and were with you all the way. There is clear intent to show that the task of quitting is achievable and by anyone. As Bandura states seeing people similar to oneself succeed by sustained feat raises observers beliefs that they too possess the capabilities to succeed (Bandura 1994). This is clearly a core outline of this campaign, when we see someone succeeding this helps to increase own self efficacy. Health has broad range of definitions and many see health as an all encompassing ideal state. Some however acknowledge that a available state of health can be achieved despite the presence of malady or disease. The role of health promotion is to help people work towards their personal health potential, at the same time reducing the filter on services. With the recent rises in poverty there is clearly film for new and effective health promotions. Stoptober meets these needs well by victimisation tried and tested health promotion techn iques. It is an effective and socially germane(predicate) campaign and last years figures of 160 000 quitters speaks volumes on its success. Word count 1100ReferencesASH (2006) Major Online Mapping Project Shows Iron Chain mingled with Smoking and Deprivation http//www.ash.org.uk/media-room/press-releases/major-online-mapping-project-shows-iron-chain-between-smoking-and-deprivation. (Accessed 02/11/13)Bandura, A. (1991). Self-efficacy mechanism in physiological activating and preventing behaviours. Cambridge University press Bandura, A. (1995). Self-efficacy in changing societies. Cambridge University Press BBC (2013) European men lag behind in life expectancy. (Online). Available at http//www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-21760905 (Accessed 03/11/13) Boseley,S. (2006) Iron chain links smoking and poverty. Guardian. Available at http//www.theguardian.com/uk/2006/oct/09/smoking.socialexclusion (accessed 02/11/13) Current Nursing. (2012) Stages of change model (Online) Available at http//c urrentnursing.com/nursing_theory/transtheoretical_model.html Davidson, N. Lloyd, T. (2001) Promoting Mens Health A guide for practitioners. Harcourt Publishers Naidoo, J. Wills, J. (1994) Health Promotion Foundations for practice. London. Bailliere Tindall Marmot,M. Wilkinson, R. (2006) Social Determinants of Health, second Edition. Oxford. Oxford University Press. NHS, Smokefree. (2013). Stoptober. (Online).Available at http//www. http//smokefree.nhs.uk/stoptober/. (Accessed 25/10/13) NHS, Smokefree (2013) Stoptober (leaflet) (Accessed 14/10/13) Ogden, J. (2012) Health Phychology A Textbook. Berkshire. Open University Press. Prochaska J, DiClemente C, Norcross, J (1992). In search of how people change Applications to addictive Behaviours. American Psychologist, Vol. 47, No 9 Tones, K. Tilford, S. (2001) Health promotion Effectiveness, efficiency and equity. Cheltenham. Nelson Thornes WHO, (2013). World Health Organisation. (Online).Available at http//www.who.int/en/. (Accessed 23/ 10/13)